respiratory system

Question 1

paranasal sinuses

Answer 1

a cavity bone surrounding the nose, and it lightens the skull, increases surface area for the air to be cleaned, moisturized and warmed.

Question 2

conchae

Answer 2

makes sure the air stays in the nasal cavity for a long time

Question 3

the floor of the cavity is made up of

Answer 3

soft and hard palates

Question 4

the roof of the cavity is made up of

Answer 4

ethmoid and sphenoid bones

Question 5

zones of the respiratory system

Answer 5

conduction zones, respiratory zone, oral cavity and nasal cavity

Question 6

conduction zone

Answer 6

where the air is cleaned, warmed and moisturized, and it has the respiratory epithelium

Question 7

respiratory zone

Answer 7

the site for gas exchange, and it has the simple squamous

Question 8

nasal cavity

Answer 8

the one for the sense of smell (olfaction), and it has the olfactory mucosa

Question 9

oral cavity

Answer 9

the passageway for food and air, it has the stratified squamous

Question 10

structures of the respiratory system

Answer 10

nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus, bronchioles and the alveoli

Question 11

the respiratory epithelium

Answer 11

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with some goblet cells
it has some cilia for movement patterns in different environments.
goblet cells foe the production of mucus which is used for protection
it has the basal cells located in the basement membrane.
it also has lamina propria which has a lot of blood vessels.

Question 12

regions of the pharynx also known as the throat

Answer 12

nasopharynx, laryngopharynx and oropharynx

Question 13

nasopharynx

Answer 13

passage for air only, it is posterior to the nasal cavity. it has some auditory tubes that drain in the middle ear, and some pharyngeal tonsils on the posterior walls. it has three types of tonsils - pharyngeal, lingual and palatine

Question 14

oropharynx

Answer 14

passageway for food and air. has the stratified squamous epithelium, for protection against abrasion. located posterior to the oral cavity. it covers the soft palate and the hyoid bone

Question 15

laryngopharynx

Answer 15

for food and air and it has the stratified squamous too. food has the right of way in this region of pharynx.

Question 16

(LRT)lower respiratory tract structures

Answer 16

larynx, trachea, bronchus, bronchiole and alveoli. they conduct air to/from the gas exchange site. it provides a barrier between air and blood for a larger surface area.

Question 17

epiglottis

Answer 17

closes over the airway when swallowing food, the glottis is the voice box, and has folds attached to the cartilages.

Question 18

vocal folds

Answer 18

these are the true vocal cords, causing vibrations and used for normal phonation.

Question 19

vestibular folds

Answer 19

these are the false vocal cords, produces deep sounds and voices, and prevents foreign things to go in the glottis.

Question 20

trachea

Answer 20

it is anterior to the esophagus, and it maintains the patent airway. it has C-shapes that surrounds it but are not connected because this then provides flexibility and movement for the trachea. it allows the trachea to expand accommodating changes in airflow.

Question 21

mucociliary in the trachea

Answer 21

this removes debris by taking it down into the pharynx for it to be swallowed and digested. the cilia moves mucus to pharynx

Question 22

lungs

Answer 22

it has 2 left lobes and 3 right lobes. it has a hilum where the bronchi and blood vessels enter through

Question 23

lungs positions

Answer 23

apex - superior region
base - inferior region
costal surface - lateral region

Question 24

pneumocytes

Answer 24

lung epithelial cells, and they have 2 different types of epithelia. They have the type 1 squamous and the type 2 cuboidal epithelium

Question 25

type 1 squamous cells

Answer 25

in the wall of the alveoli, and they are in the gas exchange site.

Question 26

type 2 cuboidal

Answer 26

secretes surfactant, and they are like yellowish, and they secretes surfactant that reduces surface tension in the alveoli

Question 27

the blood air barrier

Answer 27

alveolar cell layer, fused basement membrane and capillary endothelium. the surfactant coats the alveolar surface, and the capillary endothelium has a nucleus.

Question 28

body cavities

Answer 28

thoracic cavity and abdomino-pelvic cavity, they have visceral - closer to the organ and parietal layers - closer to the wall.

Question 29

thoracic cavity

Answer 29

has the pericardium and the pleura (some liquid that helps with all the organs. it contains heart, vessels, pericardium and lungs.

Question 30

abdomino-pelvic cavity

Answer 30

has the peritoneum only