Respiratory System

Question 1

Function of the nasal cavity

Answer 1

Filters, warms and moistens air

Prevents debris from entering lungs

Question 2

What is the pharynx

Answer 2

Region from the nasal cavity to the trachea

Question 3

Function of epiglottis

Answer 3

Stops food from going into the lungs

And ensures air enters the lungs

Question 4

Function of the larynx

Answer 4

It contains vocal cords (it’s the voice box)

Joins pharynx and trachea

Question 5

Characteristics of the trachea

Answer 5

Made of C shaped cartilage to ensure its always open

Lined with a mucus membrane that traps debris and pushes it up to the pharynx to be swallowed via cilia

Question 6

Function of the pleural fluid

Answer 6

Holds the lungs against the inside of the chest wall

Allows lungs to slide while breathing

Question 7

Function of intercostal muscles

Answer 7

Move ribcage up and out to increase volume of chest cavity during inspiration

Question 8

Function of the diaphragm

Answer 8

Contracts and flattens to increase chest cavity and allow the lungs to expand during inspiration

Question 9

Alveoli structure for gas exchange

Answer 9

1 cell thick
Large surface area
Rich blood supply
Located deep within the body
Constant exchange of air

Question 10

Process of gas exchange

Answer 10

Air flows in&out the alveoli as we breathe
Pulmonary artery brings deoxygenated blood to the capillaries around alveoli
CO2 diffuses into alveoli and O2 diffuses out
Oxygenated blood taken to the heart via pulmonary veins

Question 11

Describe pneumonia

Answer 11

Infection of the lungs caused by bacteria or viruses

Surface area available for gas exchange is reduced

Question 12

Describe asthma

Answer 12

An allergic response to foreign substances that enter the body

Due to narrowed airway (inflammation of mucus blocking airway)