Respiratory system

Question 1

conducting airways/zone

Answer 1

Air passages in respiratory system that move air from
atmosphere to respiratory zone. (nasal passages, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles)

Question 2

respiratory airways/zone

Answer 2

All areas of the lungs where gas exchange occurs. One functional unit is referred to as a respiratory lobe.

Question 3

mucus

Answer 3

Secreted by epithelium of the airways of the respiratory
system, warms and moistens air as well as traps foreign particles.

Question 4

cilia

Answer 4

Hair-like structures on most cells lining the conducting airways, movement conducts mucus and trapped particles upwards to be removed via expectoration.

Question 5

larynx

Answer 5

Contain true and false vocal chords, contracting to create
vocal sounds or protect against large objects passing down into the trachea.

Question 6

trachea

Answer 6

Main conducting trunk, contains rings of cartilage that hold airway open.

Question 7

bronchi

Answer 7

Two branches off of the trachea, each entering a lung.

Question 8

bronchioles

Answer 8

There are 23 levels of branched conducting airways off
of the bronchi. As the bronchioles branch out more and become narrower, they have less cartilage within their
walls and more smooth muscle.

Question 9

hyaline cartilage

Answer 9

Translucent connective tissue that is common in joints and the respiratory passages. Present in trachea, and primary/secondary/tertiary bronchi.

Question 10

alveoli

Answer 10

Air sacs that allow for rapid gas exchange

Question 11

Chemoreceptors

Answer 11

Sensory neurons located in the medulla, carotid arteries
and aorta that monitor pH, PO2, and PCO2 levels in blood.

Question 12

pleura

Answer 12

Double-layer closed sac surrounding the lungs. Outer layer adheres to surrounding tissue and the inner layer closely covers the lungs and is adherent to all its surfaces.
Creates a seal allowing the diaphragm and intercostals to
affect alveolar pressure.

Question 13

negative pressure

Answer 13

Created when an airway’s volume has increased while
amount of gas molecules within the airway has remained
the same.

Question 14

positive pressure

Answer 14

Created when an airway’s volume has decreased while
amount of gas molecules within the airway has remained
the same.

Question 15

inspiration

Answer 15

Intake of air into conducting and respiratory airways. This occurs as a result of diaphragm and intercostals contracting and the negative pressure those actions create.

Question 16

expiration

Answer 16

Release of air from conducting and respiratory airways as
a result of elastic lung tissue recoiling and the muscles of
inspiration relaxing.

Question 17

intercostals

Answer 17

Muscles between ribs used for breathing