LE Review vocab

Question 1

homeostasis

Answer 1

process by which organisms maintain relatively stable internal environment

Question 2

ATP

Answer 2

main energy source that cells use for most of their work (adenosine triphosphate)

Question 3

protein

Answer 3

three dimentional polymer made of monomers of amino acids

Question 4

lipid

Answer 4

one of a family of polymers including fats, phosphilipids, and steroids that is insoluble in water, composed of fatter acid and glycerol monomers

Question 5

carbohydrate

Answer 5

energy-rich organic compound; ex: sugars and starches
can be mono-, di-, or polysaccharides

Question 6

hormone

Answer 6

chemicals produced by endocrine glands that regulate the activities of different body cells

Question 7

enzyme

Answer 7

type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing

Question 8

tissue

Answer 8

group of similar cells that perform a particular function

Question 9

negative feed-back

Answer 9

works to correct a deviation from a set point (tries to get back to set point); process in which a system is turned off by the condition it produces

Question 10

antibody

Answer 10

substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates an antigen that has entered the body

Question 11

antigen

Answer 11

substance that stimulates production of antibodies

Question 12

vaccine

Answer 12

a dead or weakened pathogen introduced into the body to produce immunity

Question 13

antibiotic

Answer 13

chemical that kills bacteria or slows their growth without harming body cells

Question 14

metabolism

Answer 14

chemical reactions in living organisms that are necessary to maintain life

Question 15

allergy

Answer 15

specific reaction of the immune system to a foreign and frequently harmless substance

Question 16

cell receptors

Answer 16

proteins within the cell membrane that bind to chemicals in the extracellular environment, typically message from another cell to change behavior

Question 17

neurotransmitter

Answer 17

chemical messenger specialized for communication from neuron to neuron

Question 18

cell membrane

Answer 18

phospholipid bi-layer that forms the outer boundatu of the cell; selectively permeable

Question 19

biodiversity

Answer 19

variety of organisms in a particular habitat or ecosystem

Question 20

disease

Answer 20

an abnormal state in which the body is not functioning normally; not in homeostasis

Question 21

diffusion

Answer 21

movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Question 22

Active Transport

Answer 22

movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy