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Pharmacology 1 > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Name some expectorants

A

Secretion enhancers: vasaka, tolu balsam, potassium citrate

Mucolytics: bromhexine, amboxol

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2
Q

Antitussives/cough Centre suppressants

A

Opioids: codeine
Non opioids: noscapine, dextromethorphan
Antihistamines: chlorpheniramine, promethazine

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3
Q

How many classes of drugs for bronchial asthma

A

5

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4
Q

Which are the classes of drugs for asthma

A

Bronchodilators: B2 sympathomimetics, Anticholinergics, methyl xanthine
Mast cell stabilizers
Leukotrien antagonist
Anti IGE antibody
Corticosteroids: inhalational and systemic

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5
Q

Examples of bronchodilators

A

B2 sympathomimetics: salbutamol, salmeterol, formoterol
Methyl xanthine: Theophylline, aminophylline
Anticholinergics: ipratropium br, thiotropium br

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6
Q

Examples of mast cell stabilizers

A

Ketotifin
Sodium cromoglycate

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7
Q

Examples of leukotrien antagonist

A

Montelukast
Zafirlukast

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8
Q

Examples of anti Ige antibody

A

Omalizumab

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9
Q

Examples of corticosteroids

A

Systemic: hydrocortisone, prednisolone
Inhalational: Budesonide, fluticasone, beclomethasone

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10
Q

Main side effect of salbutamol

A

Muscle tremors

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11
Q

Short acting and long acting bronchodilators

A

Short acting: salbutamol, ipratropium br
Long acting: salmeterol, foremterol

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12
Q

Withdrawal side effect of corticosteroids

A

Acute adrenal insufficiency

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13
Q

Management of status asthmaticus/ refractory asthma

A

Hydrocortisone 100mg iv stat followed by 100-200mg 4-8 hourly
Neb salbutamol + ipratropium bromide
High flow humidified O2 inhalation
Salbutamol 0.4mg im maybe added
Intubation and mechanical ventilation if needed
Treat chest infection with antibiotics
Correct dehydration and acidosis with saline + sodium bicarbonate

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14
Q

What is MDI

A

Metered dose inhalers are pressurized aerosols which deliver a particular dose of the drug on activation.

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15
Q

Advantages of MDI

A

cheaper and portable, but require breathing coordination.

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16
Q

What is the use of spacers

A

It reduces the need for breathing coordination and increases amount of drug reaching the lungs

17
Q

What is used in MDIs

A

Earlier Chlorofluorocarbons were used. Now it is replaced by more safer hydrofluoroalkane propellant

Pharmacology 1 (14 decks)

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