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Integrated Anatomy > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 parts of the Upper Respiratory System?

A

-Nose
-Nasal Passageways
-Pharynx
-Larynx
-Trachea

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2
Q

What are 4 parts of the Lower Respiratory System?

A

-Bronchi
-Bronchioles
-Alveolar Ducts
-Alveoli

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3
Q

Where do air molecules enter fist?

A

-the nose

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4
Q

What’s another word for Nostrils?

A

-Nares

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5
Q

What are Nostrils?

A

-the external openings of the respiratory tube

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6
Q

Where do Nostrils lead to?

A
  • Nasal Passageways
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7
Q

Where are the Nasal Passageways located at?

A

-Located between the nostrils and the pharynx

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8
Q

Are the Nasal passageways separated, if so by what?

A

-Separated into left and right halves by the nasal septum

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9
Q

What separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity?

A
  • Hard and Soft palates
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10
Q

What are Turbinates?

A

-Thin scroll like bones covered with nasal epithelium
that divide each nasal passage into 3 main passageways.

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11
Q

What are the three main conditioning roles of Nasal Passageways?

A

-Warming
-Humidifying
-Filtering

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12
Q

What are Paranasal Sinuses?

A

-Outpouchings of the nasal passages that are contained within spaces in certain skull bones

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13
Q

How are sinuses named?

A

-Each sinus is named after the bone that houses it

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14
Q

What are two examples of sinus?

A
  • Frontal Sinus
    -Maxillary Sinus
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15
Q

What’s a ciliated lining?

A

-mucus produced in the sinuses down into the nasal passages

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16
Q

What does the cilia prevent?

A
  • prevents fluid and debris from accumulating in the sinuses and obstructing the openings into the nasal passages
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17
Q

What is the Pharynx?

A

-“Throat” common passageway for both respiratory and digestive systems

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18
Q

What does the soft palate in the Pharynx have in it?

A

-Dorsal Nasopharynx
-Ventral Oropharynx

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19
Q

Which way is the Esophagus?

A
  • Dorsally
20
Q

Which way is the Trachea?

A
  • Ventrally
21
Q

How does the Respiratory Passageway go?

A

-starts dorsally but as it comes caudally it becomes ventral to the digestive system

22
Q

What is the Larynx?

A
  • “Voice box” connects pharynx to the trachea
23
Q

What is the larynx made up of?

A
  • made up of segments of cartilage
24
Q

What direction does the cartilages go?

A
  • rostral to caudal
25
Q

What are the four cartilages?

A
  • Epiglottis
    -Arytenoid
  • Thyroid
    -Cricoid
26
Q

Which way does the Larynx project?

A

-Projects forward into the pharynx

27
Q

Less tension of the vocal cords creates what sounds?

A
  • Lower pitched sounds
28
Q

High tension of the vocal cords creates what sounds?

A

-Higher pitched sounds

29
Q

What is the Trachea?

A
  • “windpipe” Extends from larynx to were it divides in to the 2 main bronchi
30
Q

What is the Trachea tube made out of?

A
  • fibrous tissue and smooth muscle
31
Q

Cartilaginous rings are shaped how?

A
  • C shaped
32
Q

What happens in the Mucociliary escalator?

A

-Mucus traps small particles, Cilia carry it back to the pharynx to be swallowed

33
Q

The base of the lungs has what kind of contact with the diaphragm?

A
  • direct contact
34
Q

What is the Diaphragm and what does it aid in?

A

-Thin muscle that directly aid in respiration

35
Q

What is the Mediastinum?

A
  • between the left and right lung
36
Q

How many lobes does the left and right lung have?

A
  • 2 on the left 4 on the right
37
Q

What are the 2 left lung lobes?

A
  • cranial
    -caudal
38
Q

What are the 4 right lung lobes?

A

-cranial
-middle
-caudal
-accessory

39
Q

What are characteristics of the lungs?

A
  • very light and has a spongy consistency
40
Q

Are the lungs functional before birth?

A

-No

41
Q

What is the Bronchial Tree?

A
  • Air passageways that lead from the bronchus to the alveoli
42
Q

How can the Bronchial Tree adjusts its diameter?

A
  • by smooth muscle fibers that line the wall
43
Q

During times of intense exercise, the bronchial smooth muscle does what?

A
  • relaxes allowing the air passageways to dilate
44
Q

At relaxed times, the smooth muscles fibers does what?

A
  • constricts to lessen the amount of work
45
Q

What are the 7 in the Bronchial Tree Flow of Air?

A

-Tracheal Bifurcation
- Principal Bronchi L&R
-Lobar Bronchi
- Segmented Bronchi
-Bronchioles
- Alveolar Duct
-Alveoli

46
Q

What is the Alveoli?

A
  • Tiny and thinned walled sacs that are surrounded by capillaries
47
Q

What is the Alveoli site of ?

A
  • external respiration where oxygen is exchanged between the blood and air for carbon dioxide

Integrated Anatomy (3 decks)

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