Respiratory system Flashcards
Asthma
Causes- Allergens, Pollutants, Dust mites, Cigarette smoke
Symptoms- Wheezing, Coughing, Feeling tightness in chest
Treatment- Anti- inflammatory steroid inhalers, Avoiding allergens/ irritants
Atelectasis
Causes- Cystic fibrosis, COPD, Pleurisy, Lung cancer, spontaneous
Symptoms- Dyspnea, Cyanosis, Diaphoresis, Pain
Treatment- Thoracentesis, Chest percussion, Deep breathing exercises
Bronchitis
Causes- Viral, Environmental pollutants, Cigarette smoke.
Symptoms- Yellow- gray or green productive cough, Chest tightness, Dyspnea, Fever
Treatment- Cough medicine, Humidifier, inhalers, Antibiotics in some cases
CODP
Causes- Smoking, Environmental pollutants,
Symptoms- Dyspnea, Hypoxia, Fatigue, Cough
Treatment- Smoking cessation, Inhalers, Lung transplant in extreme cases
Emphysema
Causes- Damage to the alveoli caused by cigarette smoke, Pollutants, Specific types of dust
Symptoms- Shortness of breath, Chronic cough, Fatigue
Treatment- Smoking cessation, Avoiding cold environments
Influenza
Causes- Respiratory virus
Symptoms- Fever, Muscle pain, Fatigue, Sore throat, Rhinorrhea
Treatment- Symptomatic, OTC analgesics for aches and fever, Antiviral medications
Legionnaires
Causes- Bacteria that grow in standing water
Symptoms- Dyspnea, Cough, Headache, Fever
Treatment- Antibiotics, Respiratory medications, Oxygen, Fever medication
Pneumonia
Causes- Bacterial, Viral, Parasitic
Symptoms- Thick, colored sputum, Dyspnea, Fever, Cough
Treatment- Rest, Antibiotics
Pulmonary Edema
Causes- Congestive heart failure, Myocardial infarction, Heart valve disorders, Drowning, injury
Symptoms- Orthopnea, Dyspnea, Wheeze, productive cough, weight gain, Pallor
Treatment- Oxygen therapy, Diuretics
Pulmonary embolism
Causes- Blood clot blocking an artery in the lung
Symptoms- Dyspnea, chest pain, cough, fainting, rapid onset of shortness of breath, diaphoresis
Treatment- Circulation support, rest, anticoagulant medication, surgically implanted filter
SARS
Causes- Viral
Symptoms- Fever, headache, dry cough
Treatment- rest, antiviral medication
Tuberculosis
Causes- Bacterial
Symptoms- chronic cough, weight loss, fatigue, night sweats, painful or difficult breathing
Treatment- isolation if symptomatic, medication therapy for 6 to 12 months