Musculoskeletal system Flashcards
Osteoarthritis
Causes/ Risk Factors- Inflammatory processes, Metabolic disorders
Symptoms- Joint stiffness and pain, Fluid surrounding the joint
Treatment- NSAIDs
Rheumatoid arthritis
Causes/ Risk Factors- Autoimmune
Symptoms- Destruction of the join, Visible joint deformity, Loss of joint mobility
Treatment- NASIDs, Exercise, Heat and cold therapies, Cortisone injections, Surgery
Bursitis
Causes/ Risk Factors- Overuse, Joint trauma, Bacterial infections
Symptoms- Joint pain and swelling
Treatment- Rest, Pain medication, Steroid injection, Aspiration of joint fluid, Antibiotics
Ewing’s sarcoma family of tumors
Causes/ Risk Factors- Unknown, age 10 to 20 year olds, Male sex
Symptoms- Fever, Pain at tumor site, Fractures, Brusing
Treatment- Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation, Bone marrow transplant, Stem cell transplant
Gout
Causes/ Risk Factors- Deposits of uric acid crystals accumulate in joint space
Symptoms- Joint pain, Common in the big toe and knee joints, stiffness, Swelling
Treatment- Dietary changes, Pain medication
Kyphosis
Causes/ Risk Factors- Growth retardation or improper development of growth plates
Symptoms- Visible upper back curvaton
Treatment- Exercise, Back bracing, Harrington rod
Lordosis
Causes/ Risk Factors- Injury, Poor posture.
Symptoms- Inward curvature of lower back
Treatment- Exercise, Back bracing, Spinal infusion
Osteogenesis
Causes/ Risk Factors- Hereditary
Symptoms- Dental issues, Fractures at birth, Loose joints, Muscle weakness
Treatment- Fracture repair, Surgery with metal rodding, Physical therapy, Bracing
Osteoporosis
Causes/ Risk Factors- Hormone deficiencies, Lack of vitamin D, Smoking
Symptoms- Fractures, Most common in the spine, wrists, hips, loss of weight
Treatment- medications, exercise, hormone therapy, supplements
Osteosarcoma
Causes/Risk Factors- Unknown
Symptoms- Pain in affected bones Usually legs
Treatment- Surgery, Chemotherapy and radiation
Paget’s disease
Causes/ Risk Factors- Hereditary, Viral
Symptoms- Bone pain and deformity, Fractures
Treatment- Surgery, Medication, Physical therapy
Scoliosis
Causes/ Risk Factors- Possibly genetic, muscle weakness
Symptoms- Back pain
Treatment- Back bracing, physical therapy, surgery
Fibromyalgia
Causes/Risk Factors- Unknown
Symptoms- Fatigue, sleep disturbances
Treatment- Antidepressants, NSAID’s
Muscular dystrophy
Causes/Risk Factors- Hereditary
Symptoms- Muscle weakness
Treatment- Physical therapy, Bracing, Medications
Myasthenia gravis
Causes/Risk Factors- Autoimmune
Symptoms- Double vision, Muscle weakness, Difficulty chewing, Difficulty breathing.
Treatment- Avoiding excessive stress, Rest, Eye patch, Medication
