Respiratory system Flashcards by Ernesta A

aprūpinti

To supply

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pašalinti

To remove

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išorinis kvėpavimas

External respiration

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kvėpavimo sistema

Respiratory system

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sąveika, sąsaja

Interface

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homeostazė

Homeostasis

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dusulys

Dyspnea

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pasunkėjęs

Labored

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nekvėpavimas

Apnea

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miego apnėja, protarpinis nekvėpavimas miegant

Sleep apnea

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būti išreikštam/ ryškiam

To be pronounced

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ortopnėja, galėjimas kvėpuoti tik esant vertikalioje padėtyje

Orthopnea

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lėtas kvėpavimas

Bradypnea

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greitas kvėpavimas

Tachypnea

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greitas kvėpavimas/ gilus kvėpavimas

Hyperpnea

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spirometrija

Spirometry

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gyvybinė plaučių/ kvėpuojamoji talpa (2 ž.)

Vital capacity
Respiratory capacity

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hipoksija, nepakankamas aprūpinimas deguonimi

Hypoxia

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anoksija, neaprūpinimas deguonimi

Anoxia

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dirbtinis kvėpavimas

Artificial respiration

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ventiliatorius

Ventilator

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auskultacija, klausymas

Auscultation

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stuksenimas, perkusija

Percussion

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tankis

Density

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tapšnojimas

Tapping

kietas, vientisas

Solid

tuščiaviduris

Hollow

bukumas, monotonija, neskambumas

Dullness

pleuros trintis (2 ž.)

Pleural rub Friction rub

sudirgintas

Irritated

randėjimas

Scarring

traškesys

Crackle

dundantys karkalai (drėgni) (pl./sg.)

Rhonchus (rhonchi)

stazė

Congestion

skrepliai

Sputum

pūlingi skrepliai

Purulent sputum

kruvini (kraujo sp.) skrepliai

Blood-tinged sputum

skreplių pasėlis/ kultūra

Sputum culture

kultūros ir jautrumo tyrimai

Culture and sensitivity (C&S) studies

stridoras (švilpesys)

Stridor

švokštimas

Wheeze

krupas, krupinis laringitas

Croup

kvėpavimo sincitinis virusas

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

difterija

Diphtheria

nepermatomas, neskaidrus

Opaque

DPT

diphteria, pertussis, tetanus

kraujavimas iš nosies

Epistaxis

kokliušas (2 ž.)

Pertussis Whooping cough

priepuolinis

Paroxysmal

astma

Asthma

bronchų susiaurėjimas

Bronchoconstriction

dirgiklis

Trigger

bronchus plečiantys

Bronchodilators

apsunkinti

To impede

bronchektazė

Bronchiectasis

kosėjimas

Expectoration

pūlingas

Purulent

lengvinantis

Palliative

pašalinimas, nupjovimas

Resection

lėtinis bronchitas

Chronic bronchitis

cistinė fibrozė

Cystic fibrosis

egzokrininės liaukos

Exocrine glands

atelektazė

Atelectasis

subliuškęs

Collapsed

emfizema

Emphysema

plautinė širdis

Cor pulmonale

plaučių vėžys

Lung cancer

ne mažų ląstelių plaučių vėžys

Non-small cell lung cancer

mažų ląstelių plaučių vėžys

Small cell lung cancer

apimti

To comprise

adenokarcinoma (gleives sekretuojančių ląst.)

Adenocarcinoma

plokščiųjų ląstelių karcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

įvertinti

To assess

gydymo planas

Protocol

gydomoji

Curative

tarpuplautis

Mediastinum

pneumokoniozė

Pneumoconiosis

antrakozė (anglies dulkių sukelta)

Anthracosis

asbestozė

Asbestosis

silikozė

Silicosis

pneumonija

Pneumonia

eksudatas, uždegiminis skystis

Exudate

sujungti

To consolidate

skiltinė pneumonija

Lobar pneumonia

bronchopneumonija

Bronchopneumonia

bendruomenės įgyta pneumonija

Community-acquired pneumonia

ligoninėje įgyta pneumonija (2 ž.)

Hospital-acquired pneumonia nosocomial pneumonia

užsikrėsti

To contract

įkvepiamoji pneumonija

Aspiration pneumonia

plaučių abscesas (pūliai)

Pulmonary abscess

plaučių edema

Pulmonary edema

plaučių embolija

Pulmonary embolism (PE)

okliuzija, užsikimšimas

Occlusion

plaučių fibrozė

Pulmonary fibrosis

sarkoidozė

Sarcoidosis

mazgeliai

Nodules

gumbeliai

Tubercles

tuberkuliozė

Tuberculosis

tuberkuliozė, džiova

Consumption

nusilpęs imunitetas

Immuno-compromised

stiprus imunitetas

Immuno-sufficient

mezotelioma, pleuros navikas

Mesothelioma

pleuros efuzija, išsiliejimas (hidrotoraksas)

Pleural effusion

transudatai, neuždegiminiai skysčiai

Transudates

pleuritas (2 ž.)

Pleurisy pleuritis

pleuros skausmas

Pleurodynia

pneumotoraksas

Pneumothorax

plyšimas

Rupture

pleurodezė (lapelių sulipimas)

Pleurodesis

pasieninė

Parietal

vidurių

Visceral

pastovus

Persistent

alveoli/o

alveolus

atel/o

incomplete

bronch/o bronchi/o

bronchi

bronchiol/o

bronchiole

coni/o

dust

cyan/o

blue

epiglott/o

epiglottis

laryng/o

larynx

lob/o

lobe of the lung

nas/o

nose

orth/o

straight, upright

ox/o

oxygen

pector/o

chest

pharyng/o

pharynx, throat

phon/o

voice

phren/o

diaphragm, mind

phys/o

inflate, distend, grow

pleur/o

pleura

pneum/o, pneumon/o, pulm/o, pulmon/o

lung

rhin/o

nose

silic/o

silica

sinus/o

sinus, cavity

spir/o

to breathe

thorac/o

chest

trache/o

trachea, windpipe

tuss/o

cough

-ectasis

dilation, stretching

-ema

condition

-osmia

smell

-pnoea

breathing

-ptysis

spitting

-thorax

pleural cavity, chest

Pl. form of: alveolus

alveoli

Pl. form of: analysis

analyses

Pl. form of: apex

apices

Pl. form of: bacillus

bacilli

Pl. form of: bacterium

bacteria

Pl. form of: bronchus

bronchi

Pl. form of: cicatrix (randas)

cicatrices

Pl. form of: corpus

corpora

Pl. form of: crisis

crises

Pl. form of: criterion

criteria

Pl. form of: diagnosis

diagnoses

Pl. form of: fungus

fungi

Pl. form of: hypothesis

hypotheses

Pl. form of: index

indices

Pl. form of: medium

media

Pl. form of: pleura

pleurae

Pl. form of: pneumococcus

pneumococci

Pl. form of: radius

radii

būti rezultatu

be the result of

sumažėjimas

a loss of

būti sukeltam

to be caused by

pagrinde naudojama

is used chiefly for

pakeičiamas

is replaced by

indikuojantis, rodantis

is suggestive of

susijęs su

is associated with

forsuojamas pro

is forced through

būti ribojamam

to be limited by

būti sąsajai tarp

to be an association between

sukelti, privesti prie

to lead to

būti atrastam atliekant įprastinę kr. ląst. rentgenogramą

to be detected on routine chest x-ray

pasiekiama

accomplished by

TERMINAS: a condition caused by inadequate intake of oxygen; suffocation

asphyxia

TERMINAS: short, sharp, or rough sounds heard with a stethoscope over the chest. Abnormal breath sounds caused by excessive fluid within the airways.

crackle

TERMINAS: a whistling or sighing sound caused by narrowing of a respiratory passageway.

wheeze

TERMINAS: a harsh, high-pitched sound caused by obstruction of an upper air passageway

stridor

TERMINAS: acute inflammation of the nasal passages with profuse nasal discharge

coryza

TERMINAS: diminished availability of oxygen to the body tissues

hypoxia

TERMINAS: haemorrhage from the nose, nosebleed

epistaxis

TERMINAS: a sound heard on auscultation that is produced by the rubbing together of the two layers of the pleura; a common sign of pleurisy

pleural friction rub

TERMINAS: lack or absence of oxygen in the tissues

anoxia

TERMINAS: a childhood disease usually caused by a viral infection that involves inflammation and obstruction of the upper airways. It is characterised by barking cough, difficulty breathing, and laryngeal spasm

croup

TERMINAS: a shifted nasal septum; may require surgical correction

deviated septum

TERMINAS: expelling or dislodging mucus

productive (cough)

TERMINAS: a short, weak repeating cough, often caused by irritation of the larynx by a postnasal drip

hacking (cough)

TERMINAS: congested nose

stuffy (nose)

TERMINAS: dry, harsh cough

barking (cough)

TERMINAS: breathing audibly trough the nose, as when the nasal passages are congested

sniffling

TERMINAS: having a rough, hoarse voice

dysphonia

TERMINAS: pale, grey colour of the skin

ashen

TERMINAS: having a fever or symptoms characteristic of a fever, febrile

feverish

SYNONYM: alleviating (treatment)

palliative

SYNONYM: a bout

fits, attacks

SYNONYM: empyema

pyothorax

SYNONYM: fatal

deadly, lethal

SYNONYM: nosebleed

epistaxis

SYNONYM: pertussis

whooping cough

SYNONYM: shortness of breath, breathlessness

dyspnoea

SYNONYM: sputum

mucus, phlegm

SYNONYM: to assess something

to evaluate

SYNONYM: to cough up

to expectorate

SYNONYM: to determine

to ascertain

SYNONYM: to extend life

to prolong life

SYNONYM: to inhale

to breathe in, to inspire

SYNONYM: prophylaxis

prevention

SYNONYM: trachea

windpipe

SYNONYM: voicelessness

aphonia

OPPOSITE: ability

disability

OPPOSITE: acute

chronic

OPPOSITE: bronchiectasis

bronchoconstriction

OPPOSITE: dilation

constriction

OPPOSITE: dry (cough)

productive

OPPOSITE: dull (sound)

sonorous

OPPOSITE: malignant

benign

OPPOSITE: presence

absence

OPPOSITE: slowly

rapidly

OPPOSITE: tachypnoea

bradypnoea

OPPOSITE: to be susceptible to

to be immune/ resistant to

DEFINITION: pneumohaemothorax

accumulation of air and blood in the pleural cavity

DEFINITION: haemoptysis

blood in sputum

DEFINITION: orthopnoea

breathing is uncomfortable in any position except upright

DEFINITION: dysphonia

difficulty in speaking, usually evidenced by hoarseness

DEFINITION: pneumoconiosis

dust in the lungs

DEFINITION: emphysema

hyperinflation of alveoli

DEFINITION: rhinitis

inflammation of nasal mucosa

DEFINITION: aspiration

inhaling foreign objects or substances into airways

DEFINITION: traheostomy

making an artificial opening in the windpipe

DEFINITION: pneumocentesis

surgical puncture of a lung

DEFINITION: aphonia

loss of the voice as a result of disease or injury to the larynx

DEFINITION: asthma

an illness that causes difficulty in breathing out, resulting from an allergy

DEFINITION: eupnoea

normal, unlaboured breathing

DEFINITION: anoxia

a condition characterised by an absence of oxygen supply to an organ or tissue

DEFINITION: asphyxia

lack of oxygen and the excess of carbon dioxide in the blood due to restricted respiration; suffocation

DEFINITION: tachypnoea

rapid breathing

DEFINITION: dyspnoea

difficult or laboured breathing; also called air hunger, breathlessness or shortness of breath

DEFINITION: apnoea

a temporary interruption in breathing

DEFINITION: hypoxia

insufficient levels of oxygen in tissues

DEFINITION: hay fever

allergic reaction to pollen or grass

DEFINITION: anosmia

absence of the sense of smell

DEFINITION: bradypnoea

abnormal slowness of breathing