Respiratory System Flashcards
Describe the process of inhale
-Diaphragm, exter. intercostal muscles contract
-Thoracic cavity, lung volume increases
-Pressure lowers
-Air goes from area of high pressure to low pressure
Whats cellular respiration?
Breakdown of organic molecules to get energy, frequently needs O2
Whats respiratory exchange?
Exchange of gases (CO2/O2) between an organism and its enviornment
State the layers of the Pleural Cavity in the lungs
Visceral cavity, pleural cavity, intercostal cavity
Describe the Intra-Alveolar Pressure (IAA)
-Inside alveoli
-Equalizes with atmosphere pressure
Describe the Transpulmonary Pressure (IAA-IP)
-Pressure of IAA and IP combined
-Lower than IAA pressure
Describe Intrapleural Pressure (IP)
-Inside pleural cavity
-Lower than IAA pressure
Whats the difference between Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation?
Hyperpnea: Free breathing, use of additional muscles, conscious, deep breaths
Hyperventilation: Increased rate of breathing, lower CO2 levels, Alkalosis (higher pH and brain dysfunction)
What health condition causes reduced O2 to body, due to high altitudes, respiratory/ circulation problems?
Hypoxia
What are the functions of DRG and VRG?
Stimulate muscle contraction/ relaxation in breathing
What part does the Medulla Rhythmicity area play a part in?
Sensory chemoreceptors causes by low pH and O2
Stretch receptors, voluntary/involuntary
What does the Pontine Respiratory Group control?
Controls smooth and deep breathing
Pneumatic/ Apneustic area- stim/stops DRG/VRG
Equation for oxyhemoglobin
O2 + Hb = HbO2
Equation for carbohemoglobin
CO2 + Hb = Hb-CO2
Describe the process of exhale
-Diaphragm, exter. intercostal muscles relax
-Lung elastic recoils
-Pressure increases
