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MID - Anatomy > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

Passageway connecting the nasal cavity to the larynx and oral cavity:

  • Trachea
  • Bronchial tree
  • Esophagus
  • Pharynx
  • None of the choices
A

Pharynx

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2
Q

The opening of which is closed by epiglottis or vocal folds:

  • Pharynx
  • Larynx
  • Trachea
A

Larynx

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3
Q

Not true of the pharynx:

  • Has three subdivisions.
  • Passageway for air and food.
  • Houses the tonsils.
  • None of the choices
A

None of the choices

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4
Q

True of the trachea:

  • Contains O-shaped cartilages that are complete posteriorly.
  • Consists of right and left main bronchi.
  • Air passageway only.
A

Air passageway only.

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5
Q

Main sites of gas exchange:

  • Pharynx
  • Larynx
  • Bronchioles
  • Trachea
  • None of the choices
A

None of the choices

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6
Q

Alveoli have:

  • Smooth muscle
  • Cartilage
  • Goblet cells
  • 1, 2, 3
  • None of the choices
A

None of the choices

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7
Q

Nose

  • Resonance chamber for speech.
  • Passageway for air.
  • Warms and humidifies inhaled air.
  • 1, 2
  • 1, 2, 3
A

1, 2, 3

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8
Q

NOT TRUE of the larynx:

  • Has nine cartilages.
  • Attached to the hyoid bone.
  • For voice production.
  • Houses the vocal cords.
  • None of the choices
A

None of the choices

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9
Q

The three single cartilages in the larynx include:

  • Epiglottis
  • Thyroid
  • Cricoid
  • 1, 2
  • 1, 2, 3
A

1, 2, 3

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10
Q

Volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal tidal volume expiration:

  • Total lung capacity
  • Functional residual capacity
  • Inspiratory capacity
  • Total lung capacity
A

Functional residual capacity

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11
Q

The amount of air remaining in the lungs after a forced exhalation:

  • Expiratory reserve volume
  • Residual volume
  • Tidal volume
  • Inspiratory reserve volume
  • Total lung capacity
A

Residual volume

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12
Q

The three paired cartilages in the larynx include:

  • Arytenoid
  • Corniculate
  • Cuneiform
  • 1, 2
  • 1, 2, 3
A

1, 2, 3

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13
Q

Not part of the respiratory tract:

  • Thyroid gland
  • Filtrum
  • Trachea
  • 1, 2
  • 1, 2, 3
A

1, 2

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14
Q

Respiratory zone structure/s:

  • Alveoli
  • Bronchiole
  • Trachea
  • Larynx
  • Terminal bronchiole
A

Alveoli

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15
Q

During inspiration:

  • Diaphragm contracts.
  • Intrapulmonary pressure drops to -1 mm Hg.
  • 1, 2
  • Neither of the choices
A

1, 2

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16
Q

During expiration:

  • The diaphragm relaxes and moves downward.
  • Intrapulmonary pressure drops to -1 mm Hg.
  • Air moves out of the lungs.
  • 1, 2
  • 1, 2, 3
A

Air moves out of the lungs.

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17
Q

Which muscles contract during inspiration?

  • Diaphragm
  • External intercostal muscles
  • Internal intercostals
  • 1, 2
  • 1, 2, 3
A

1, 2

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18
Q

During quiet breathing:

  • The dorsal respiratory group is involved.
  • The ventral respiratory group is involved.
  • 3,500 ml of air goes in and out of the lungs.
A

The dorsal respiratory group is involved.

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19
Q

Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation:

  • Expiratory reserve volume
  • Residual volume
  • Tidal volume
  • Inspiratory reserve volume
  • Total lung capacity
A

Expiratory reserve volume

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20
Q

Total lung capacity includes:

  • Tidal volume
  • Inspiratory reserve volume
  • Expiratory reserve volume
  • Residual volume
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

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21
Q

Maximum amount of air contained in the lungs after a maximum inspiratory effort:

  • Expiratory reserve volume
  • Residual volume
  • Tidal volume
  • Inspiratory reserve volume
  • Total lung capacity
A

Total lung capacity

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22
Q

Maximum amount of air that can be expired after a maximum inspiratory effort:

  • Total lung capacity
  • Tidal volume
  • Residual volume
  • Expiratory reserve volume
  • None of the choices
A

None of the choices

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23
Q

Maximum amount of air that can be inspired after a tidal expiration:

  • Expiratory reserve volume
  • Residual volume
  • Tidal volume
  • Inspiratory reserve volume
  • None of the choices
A

None of the choices

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24
Q

Some carbon dioxide is converted to _____ in the blood:

  • Bicarbonate
  • Lactic acid
  • Water
  • None of the choices
A

Bicarbonate

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25
Bicarbonate enters the red blood cells and becomes _____. - Lactic acid - Carbon dioxide - Water - None of the choices
Carbon dioxide
26
During inspiration, the intrapleural pressure becomes: - More positive - More negative
More negative
27
During inspiration, the intraalveolar pressure becomes: - +1 - 0 - -1
-1
28
During expiration, the intrapleural pressure becomes: - More positive - More negative - Less positive - Less negative
Less negative
29
During expiration, the intraalveolar pressure becomes: - +1 - 0 - -1
+1
30
The apneustic center stimulates the: - DRG - VRG
DRG
31
The effect of stimulation from the apneustic center will: - Increase respiratory rate. - Limit inspiration.
Increase respiratory rate.
32
The peripheral chemoreceptors are: - Located in the carotid bodies and aortic bodies. - Sensitive to decreased levels of oxygen. - Sensitive to increased levels of carbon dioxide. - 1, 2 - 1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
33
The central chemoreceptors located in the medulla are sensitive to: - High levels of PC02 - Decreased levels of 02
High levels of PC02
34
The cerebral cortex controls: - Involuntary breathing - Voluntary breathing - Both - Neither
Voluntary breathing
35
Sends impulses to the external intercostal muscles and diaphragm for inspiration: - DRG - VRG - Both - Neither
DRG
36
Limits the duration of inspiration and increases the respiratory rate: - Pneumotaxic center - Apneustic center - DRG - VRG
Pneumotaxic center
37
Expiration results: - Stimulation of DRG - Stimulation of VRG - From elastic recoil of the lungs and thoracic cage. - 1, 3 - 2, 3
From elastic recoil of the lungs and thoracic cage.
38
The VRG becomes active when: - The respiratory drive for increased pulmonary ventilation becomes greater than normal. - The apneustic center becomes active. - The pneumotaxic center becomes active.
The respiratory drive for increased pulmonary ventilation becomes greater than normal.
39
TRUE of the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex: - Activated when the lungs are overstretched. - Switches off the inspiratory ramp and thus stops further inspiration. - Chemoreceptors are involved. - 1, 2 - 1, 2, 3
1, 2
40
Responsible for the inspiratory ramp signals: - VRG - DRG - Pneumotaxic center - Apneustic center
DRG
41
The apneustic center: - Stimulates the DRG. - Causes deeper inspiration. - Lowers the respiratory rate. - 1, 2 - 1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
42
The pneumotaxic center: - Inhibits the apneustic center. - Increases respiratory rate. - Causes shallow respirations. - 1, 2 - 1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3
43
Gaseous exchange is through what process? - Active transport - Facilitated diffusion - Diffusion - Osmosis
Diffusion
44
The volume of air that GOES IN AND OUT OF THE LUNGS DURING NORMAL QUIET BREATHING: - Tidal volume - Inspiratory capacity - Vital capacity
Tidal volume
45
The MAXIMUM volume of air that one can inspire: - Tidal volume - Inspiratory reserve volume - Inspiratory capacity - Vital capacity - 2, 3
Inspiratory capacity
46
The TOTAL VOLUME of air that the lungs can contain: - Vital capacity - Functional residual capacity - None of the above
None of the above
47
Responsible for decreasing surface tension in the lung: - Proteins - Lipids - Surfactant - Carbohydrates
Surfactant
48
Voluntary control of respiration is located at: - DRG - VRG - The cerebral cortex - Respiratory center at the medulla - Respiratory center at the pons
The cerebral cortex
49
The three single cartilages in the larynx include: - Cuneiform - Thyroid - Arytenoid - Corniculate
Thyroid
50
Which of the following is FALSE about the nose? - Filters, warms, and moistens incoming air - Resonance chamber for speech - Produces mucus - Facilitates exposure of immune system to inhaled antigens
Facilitates exposure of immune system to inhaled antigens
51
Which of the following is TRUE of the pharynx? - Cleans, warms, and moistens incoming air - Resonance chamber for speech - Prevents passage of food - Facilitates exposure of immune system to inhaled antigens
Facilitates exposure of immune system to inhaled antigens
52
Which of the following is TRUE of the alveoli? - Compartmentalizes the lungs - Facilitates exposure of immune system to inhaled antigens - Main site of gas exchange - None of the above
Main site of gas exchange
53
Which of the following best describes the larynx? - Prevents entry of non-gaseous substances - Vibrations of cords facilitates voice production - Both - Neither
Both
54
The part of the larynx that acts as a doorway into the lower respiratory tract. - Glottis - Epiglottis - Supraglottis - None of the above
Epiglottis
55
Which of the following DOES NOT in your nose occur when you are exposed to cold air? - Cilia becomes stiff - Mucus accumulate in the nasal cavity - Mucus dribbles out of the nostrils - “Runny nose” during colder season
Cilia becomes stiff
56
Which of the following is FALSE of the mucus in your nose? - Contains lysozyme which is antibacterial - Traps inspired dust, bacteria and other debris - A chemical and a mechanical defense mechanism - None of the above
None of the above
57
Which of the following explains occurrence of epistaxis (nose bleed)? - Presence of a rich plexus of capillaries - Thin-walled veins underlies nasal epithelium - Vasodilation during cold season to intensify air-heating process - All of the above
All of the above
58
Why is the presence of conchae within your nose important? - Enhances air turbulence in the cavity - Increases surface area within the cavity - Both - Neither
Both
59
Which of the following best supports the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia? - Right main bronchus is wider and more vertical - Left main bronchus is shorter and more vertical - Both - Neither
Right main bronchus is wider and more vertical
60
Maximum amount of air that can be expired after a maximum inspiratory effort: - Total lung capacity - Vital Capacity - Inspiratory capacity - Tidal Volume
Vital Capacity
61
Alveoli have: - Smooth muscle - Cartilage - Goblet cells - Squamous epithelial cells
Squamous epithelial cells

MID - Anatomy (5 decks)

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