Respiratory Pharmacology Flashcards by Samantha Thomas

ALBUTEROL Brand Names

Proventil

Ventolin

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ALBUTEROL Class (2)

Sympathomimetic

Bronchodilator

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ALBUTEROL MOA

Beta 2 agonist causing smooth muscle relaxation

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ALBUTEROL Indication

Bronchospasm in pt’s with COPD/asthma

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ALBUTEROL Contraindications (3)

Allergy
Tachycardia
Dysrhythmias especially via digitalis

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ALBUTEROL Adult Dose

2.5mg
dilute 0.5mL of 0.5% soln for inhalation with 2.5mL NS
administer via 10-15 minutes

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ALBUTEROL Special Considerations (4)

Pregnancy C
Antagonized by beta blockers
Synergistic with other sympathomimetics
May precipitate chest px and dysrhythmias

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DEXAMETHASONE Brand Name

Decadron

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DEXAMETHASONE Class

Corticosteroid

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DEXAMETHASONE MOA

Suppresses acute and chronic inflammation

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DEXAMETHASONE Indications (6)

Anaphylaxis
Asthma
Spinal cord injury
Croup
Increased ICP
Adjunct to shock treatment

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DEXAMETHASONE Contraindications (1)

Allergy

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DEXAMETHASONE Adult Dose

10-100mg IV (1mg/kg slow IV bolus)

4-8mg per protocol max of 20mg

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DEXAMETHASONE Drug interactions

Calcium

Metaraminol

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DEXAMETHASONE Considerations (3)

Unknown pregnancy safety
Protect med from heat
Toxic long term

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DIPHENHYDRAMINE Brand Name

Benadryl

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DIPHENHYDRAMINE Class

Antihistamine

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DIPHENHYDRAMINE MOA (3)

Blocks cellular histamine receptors
Decreases vasodilation
Reverses extrapyramidal reactions

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DIPHENHYDRAMINE Indications (2)

Symptomatic relief of allergies, allergic rxn, anaphylaxis, acute dystonic rxn

Blood administration rxn

DIPHENHYDRAMINE Contraindications (5)

Asthma
Glaucoma
Pregnancy
HTN
Infants

DIPHENHYDRAMINE Adult Dose

25-50mg IM/IV/PO

DIPHENHYDRAMINE Considerations (2)

Don’t use in pregnancy or with infants

If used for anaphylaxis, used with epi and steroids

HYDROCORTISONE/METHYLPREDNISOLONE Brand Names (2)

Solu-Cortef

Solu-Medrol

HYDROCORTISONE/METHYLPREDNISOLONE Class

Corticosteroid

HYDROCORTISONE/METHYLPREDNISOLONE MOA (3)

Suppresses acute/chronic inflammation Replaces absent glucocorticoids Immunosuppressive effects

HYDROCORTISONE/METHYLPREDNISOLONE Indications (4)

Asthma Anaphylaxis Croup Adrenal Insufficiency

HYDROCORTISONE/METHYLPREDNISOLONE Contraindication

Allergy

HYDROCORTISONE Dose

2mg/kg IV dose

HYDROCORTISON Max Dose

100mg

METHYLPREDNISOLONE Dose

2mg/kg IV dose

METHYLPREDNISOLONE Max Dose

125mg

HYDROCORTISONE/METHYLPREDNISOLONE Considerations (2)

Protect from heat | Toxic with long term use

IPATROPIUM Brand Name

Atrovent

IPATROPIUM Class

Bronchodilator

IPATROPIUM MOA

Block the action of acetylcholine at the parasympathetic sites in bronchial smooth muscle --> bronchodilation

IPATROPIUM Indication

Bronchospasm with COPD/emphysema

IPATROPIUM Contraindication

Allergy to atropine or derivatives

IPATROPIUM Adult dose

0.5mg via NEB, usually mixed with 2.5mg of Albuterol for DuoNeb

IPATROPIUM Special Consideration

Pregnancy B

RACEMIC EPI Class

Sympathomimetic

RACEMIC EPI MOA

Stimulates Beta 2 receptors Bronchodilation via smooth muscle relaxation Decreases airway resistance Inhibits histamine release

RACEMIC EPI Indications (3)

Croup Laryngeal edema Bronchial asthma

RACEMIC EPI Contraindications (3)

HTN Underlying cardiovascular disease Epiglottitis

RACEMIC EPI Dose

11.25mg (0.5mL) diluted in 2.5mL of NS in Neb

RACEMIC EPI Considerations (3)

Pregnancy C Excessive use may cause bronchospasm May have strong rebound when drug wears off