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NMETC > Cardiac Pharmacology > Flashcards

Cardiac Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

ADENOSINE Brand Name

A

Adenocard

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2
Q

ADENOSINE Class

A

Endogenous Nucleotide

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3
Q

ADENOSINE MOA (2)

A

Slows conduction through AV node

Slows HR

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4
Q

ADENOSINE Indication (1)

A

PSVT

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5
Q

ADENOSINE Contraindications (4)

A

2nd/3rd Degree AV Block
Atrial Fib/Flutter
V Tach
Allergy

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6
Q

ADENOSINE Adult Dose Initial

A

6mg rapid IVP with 20cc NS

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7
Q

ADENOSINE Adult Dose Repeat

A

after 1-2mins 12mg rapid IVP with 20cc NS

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8
Q

ADENOSINE Special Considerations (2)

A

Pregnancy C

Short Half Life

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9
Q

ADENOSINE Max Single Dose

A

18mg school

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10
Q

AMIODARONE Brand Name

A

Cordarone

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11
Q

AMIODARONE Class

A

Class III

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12
Q

AMIODARONE MOA (3)

A

Prolongs the action potential
Non competitive alpha/beta sympathetic blocker
Calcium channel blocking effects

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13
Q

AMIODARONE Indications (2)

A

Suppression of VF and Pulseless VTach refractory to defibrillation

Suppression of VTach with Pulse

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14
Q

AMIODARONE Contraindications (3)

A

Allergy to Iodine
Medication caused Ventricular dysrhythmias
TdP

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15
Q

AMIODARONE Adult Dose- VF/Pulseless VTach 1st

A

300mg

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16
Q

AMIODARONE Adult Dose- VF/Pulseless VTach 2nd

A

150mg

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17
Q

AMIODARONE Adult Dose- VTach with Pulse

A

150mg in 100mL NS over 10mins

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18
Q

AMIODARONE Special considerations (2)

A

Pregnancy C

Caution in elderly with heart failure or poor systolic fxn

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19
Q

ASA Class

A

Platelet Inhibitor

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20
Q

ASA MOA (1)

A

Prostaglandin inhibition

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21
Q

ASA Indication (1)

A

Chest px due to ACS

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22
Q

ASA Contraindications (3)

A

Allergy
GI Bleeding
Recent CVA

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23
Q

ASA Adult Dose

A

324mg PO

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24
Q

ATROPINE SULFATE Class

A

Anticholinergic

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25
ATROPINE SULFATE MOA (3)
Increases conduction through AV node Increases HR Inhibits acetylcholine action
26
ATROPINE SULFATE Indications (3)
Unstable bradycardia Organophosphate poisoning Pallitive care
27
ATROPINE SULFATE Adult Dose
0.5-1mg q 3-5mins
28
ATROPINE SULFATE Max dose
3mg
29
ATROPINE SULFATE Special Considerations (2)
Pregnancy C | Moderate doses can dilate pupils
30
CALCIUM Class
Electrolyte
31
CALCIUM MOA (3)
Increases contractility Enhance ventricular automaticity Stabilizes cell membrane!
32
CALCIUM Indications (4)
HyperK MgSO4 OD Ca Channel Blocker toxicity Crush syndrome
33
CALCIUM Contrainidcations (3)
Hypercalcemia VF during cardiac arrest Digitalis toxicity
34
CALCIUM Adult dose
500-1000mg of 10% soln slow IVP over 5mins q 10mins
35
CALCIUM Max dose
1gm
36
CALCIUM Drug interactions (2)
Do not mix with Bicarb in running IV- flush prior | May worsen digitalis dysrhythmias
37
DILTIAZEM Brand Name
Cardizem
38
DILTIAZEM Class
Ca Channel blocker
39
DILTIAZEM MOA (4)
Stops influx of Ca into muscle Vasodilator Reduces preload/afterload Reduces oxygen demand for heart
40
DILTIAZEM Indication (2)
Atrial flutter | Atrial fibrillation
41
DILTIAZEM Contraindications (4)
Wide complex tachycardia Sick Sinus Syndrome Cardiogenic Shock Metoprolol use
42
DILTIAZEM Adult Dose- Initial
0.25mg/kg over 2 mins q 15mins
43
DILTIAZEM Adult Dose- Repeat
0.35mg/kg over 2 mins
44
DILTIAZEM Considerations (2)
Pregnancy C | Caution in pt's with renal/hepatic dysfunction
45
DOPAMINE Brand Name
Inotropin
46
DOPAMINE Class
Sympathomimetic
47
DOPAMINE MOA- (2) Dose dependent
Increases renal blood flow, cardiac output, heart rate, and cardiac contractility 5-10mcg Increase blood pressure and stimulate vasoconstriction 10-20mcg
48
DOPAMINE Indications (2)
Cardiogenic/Septic/Neuro/Distributive Shock | Hypotension
49
DOPAMINE Contraindications (3)
Hypovolemic shock Tachydysrhythmias VFib
50
DOPAMINE Adult Dose Dopaminergic
2-4mcg/kg/min dilates renal blood vessels
51
DOPAMINE Adult Dose Beta Adrenergic
4-10mcg/kg/min increases chronotropy/inotropy
52
DOPAMINE Adult Dose Adrenergic
10-20mcg/kg/min vasoconstriction
53
DOPAMINE Adult Dose Override Alpha Effects
>20mcg/kg/min
54
EPINEPHRINE Class
Sympathomimetic
55
EPINEPHRINE MOA
``` Alpha and Beta agonist- increases HR dilates bronchi increases contractility blocks histamine release vasoconstriction ```
56
EPINEPHRINE Indications (3)
Cardiac arrest- asystole, PEA, VF unresponsive to defib Severe bronchospasm or asthma Anaphylaxis
57
EPINEPHRINE Contraindications (4)
HTN Hypothermia Pulmonary edema Hypovolemic shock
58
EPINEPHRINE Adult Dose Allergic Rxn/Asthma IM
0.3-0.5mg (1:1000) IM
59
EPINEPHRINE Adult Dose Anaphylaxis IV
0.3-0.5mg (1:10,000) IV
60
EPINEPHRINE Adult Dose Cardiac Arrest
1mg IVP (1:10,000) q 3-5mins
61
H's (6)
``` Hypoxia Hyper/Hypothermia HyperK/HypoK Hydrogen Ions Hypovolemia Hypo/Hyperglycemia ```
62
T's (6)
``` Toxins Tablets Tamponade Thrombus- pulmonary/coronary Trauma Tension Pneumo ```
63
FENTANYL Brand Name
Sublimaze
64
FENTANYL Class
Narcotic analgesic
65
FENTANYL MOA
Binds to opoid receptors to block px
66
FENTANYL Indications (2)
Px | RSI premedication
67
FENTANYL Contraindication (1)
Allergy
68
FENTANYL Adult Dose
1mcg/kg slow IVP
69
FENTANYL Max Dose
150mcg
70
LIDOCAINE Class
Antidysrhythmia
71
LIDOCAINE MOA
Slows rate of automaticity
72
LIDOCAINE Indications (2)
Suppression of VTach, VFib, PVCs | Stop recurrence after conversion from VTach, VFib
73
LIDOCAINE Contraindications (1)
2nd/3rd Degree AV Block with no pacemaker
74
LIDOCAINE Adult Dose Cardiac Arrest VTach/VFib- Initial
1-1.5mg/kg IVP
75
LIDOCAINE Adult Dose Cardiac Arrest VTach/VFib- Repeat
0.75mg/kg
76
LIDOCAINE Adult Dose Cardiac Arrest VTach/VFib- Max Dose
3mg/kg
77
LIDOCAINE Adult Dose Cardiac Arrest VTach/VFib- Maintenance Infusion after Conversion
2-4mg/min
78
LIDOCAINE Adult Dose VTach with Pulse- Initial
1-1.5mg/kg IVP
79
LIDOCAINE Adult Dose VTach with Pulse- Repeat
0.5-0.75mg/kg q 3-5mins
80
LIDOCAINE Adult Dose VTach with Pulse- Max dose
3mg
81
LIDOCAINE Adult Dose VTach with Pulse- Maintenance Infusion
2-4mg/min
82
LIDOCAINE Special Considerations (2)
Pregnancy B Reduce maintenance infusions by 1/2 if pt is over 70yo, liver disease, CHF, or shock
83
MAGNESIUM Class
Electrolyte
84
MAGNESIUM MOA (2)
Reduces muscle contractions - seizures in pregnancy - uterine relaxation Bronchodilation
85
MAGNESIUM Indications (7)
``` Asthma/Bronchospasm Eclampsia seizures TdP Hypomagnesia TCA OD Digitalis dysrhythmia Refractory VFib/VTach after Amio administration ```
86
MAGNESIUM Contraindication (2)
AV Block | Renal disease
87
MAGNESIUM Adult Dose- Eclampsia
1-4gm over 10mins
88
MAGNESIUM Adult Dose- TdP or Refractory VF/VT
1-2gm over 1-2mins
89
Magnesium Adult Dose- Bronchospasm
2-4gm in 100mL NS over 5mins
90
MAGNESIUM Special Consideration (2)
Do not give 2 hours before delivery if possible Calcium is antagonist
91
METOPROLOL Brand Name
Lopressor
92
METOPROLOL Class
Beta Blocker
93
METOPROLOL MOA
Blocks Beta 1 receptors
94
METOPROLOL Indications (2)
Atrial Flutter | Atrial Fibrillation
95
METOPROLOL Contraindications (6)
``` Allergy Sinus brady 2nd/3rd AV block Pregnancy Cardiogenic shock Uncompensated cardiac failure ```
96
METOPROLOL Adult Dose
5mg IVP over 2 minutes q 5mins
97
METOPROLOL Max dose
15mg
98
METOPROLOL Special consideration (1)
may be additive with drugs that slow AV conduction (ie Digoxin)
99
MORPHINE SULFATE Class
Opoid analgesic
100
MORPHINE SULFATE MOA (5)
``` Stops px Alleviates fear and anxiety Depresses respiratory drive Decreases pre/afterload Decreases oxygen demand ```
101
MORPHINE SULFATE Indications (3)
Px relief Severe CHF/Pulmonary Edema Chest px from MI
102
MORPHINE SULFATE Contraindications (7)
``` Head injury exacerbated COPD Depressed resp drive Abdominal px Hypotension ALOC Suspected hypovolemia ```
103
MORPHINE SULFATE Adult Dose
0.1mg/kg
104
MORPHINE SULFATE Max Dose
10mg
105
MORPHINE SULFATE Special Considerations (3)
Pregnancy C Caution with elderly, COPD, asthma Narcan should be available as antidote
106
NITROGLYCERIN Class
Vasodilator
107
NITROGLYCERIN MOA (2)
Smooth muscle relaxant - uterine - bronchial - intestinal - vascular Vasodilation - reduces pre/afterload - reduces oxygen demand
108
NITROGLYCERIN Indications (3)
Acute angina Ischemic chest px CHF/Pulmonary edema
109
NITROGLYCERIN Contraindications (3)
Hypotension Hypovolemia Head injury/Intracranial bleeding
110
NITROGLYCERIN Adult Dose Tablets
0.4mg q 3-5mins | max 3 doses
111
NITROGLYCERIN Adult dose Spray
0.4mg SL q 3-5mins
112
NITROGLYCERIN Special Consideration (3)
Pregnancy C Hypotension common in elderly ED within last 48 hours
113
NITROPASTE dose
1" square cover with plastic and secure with tape
114
NOREPINEPHRINE Brand Name
Levophed
115
NOREPINEPHRINE Class
Vasopressor
116
NOREPINEPHRINE MOA (2)
potent vasoconstrictor/alpha agonist | increases chronotropy/inotropy/CO
117
NOREPINEPHRINE Indications (3)
Shock unresponsive to fluid resuscitation Significant hypotension (<70 systolic) Best vasopressor for septic shock
118
NOREPINEPHRINE Adult dose
0.1-0.5mcg/kg/min titrated to BP of 90 systolic
119
NOREPINEPHRINE Special considerations (4)
Pregnancy C Avoid extravasation/necrosis Drug/Poison induced hypotension may require higher doses Can be deactivated by alkaline solutions
120
NOREPINEPHRINE Contraindication (1)
Hypotension due to hypovolemia or pregnancy
121
PROCAINAMIDE Brand Name
Pronestyl
122
PROCAINAMIDE Class
Class Ia Sodium Channel blocker
123
PROCAINAMIDE Indications (2)
Suppression of PVC's, VTach with Pulse refractory to lidocaine PSVT with wide complex
124
PROCAINAMIDE MOA (3)
Suppresses phase 4 depolarization in ventricles Reduces automaticity of ectopic pacemakers Suppresses reentry dysrhythmias by slowing AV conduction
125
PROCAINAMIDE Contraindications (5)
``` 2nd/3rd AV Block TdP Lupus Digitalis toxicity Myasthenia gravis ```
126
PROCAINAMIDE Adult dose
20-30mg/min
127
PROCAINAMIDE Max dose
17mg/kg
128
PROCAINAMIDE Maintenance Infusion Adult
1-4mg/min
129
SODIUM BICARBONATE Class
Buffer/Alkalinizer
130
SODIUM BICARBONATE MOA
Reacts with H+ to form H2O and CO2--> alkalinizes pH
131
SODIUM BICARBONATE Indications (5)
``` HyperK TCA OD Phenobarbital OD Known responsive to bicarbonate acidosis ROSC ```
132
SODIUM BICARBONATE Contraindications (4)
Alkalosis Hypocalcemia HypoK Hypocloremia secondary to GI loss/vomit
133
SODIUM BICARBONATE Adult Dose- Initial
1mEq/kg IV
134
SODIUM BICARBONATE Adult Dose- Repeat
0.5 mEq/kg IV q 10mins
135
SODIUM BICARBONATE Special consideration (4)
Pregnancy C Must ventilate pt after admin via Et Tube May worsen CHF Vasopressors may be deactivated
136
TRANEXAMIC ACID Brand Name
TXA | Cyklokapron
137
TRANEXAMIC ACID Class (3)
Hemostatic agent Antifibrinolytic Plasminogen inactivator
138
TRANEXAMIC ACID MOA
Reduces plasminogen activation (clotting)
139
TRANEXAMIC ACID Indication (1)
Blunt or penetrating trauma under 3 hours from MOI with hemodynamic compromise/bleeding
140
TRANEXAMIC ACID Contraindications (4)
Allergy Subarachnoid hemorrhage Hx of PE or DVT Injury longer than 3 hours
141
TRANEXAMIC ACID Adult dose
1000mg in 100mL NS over 10mins
142
TRANEXAMIC ACID Special considerations (3)
Pregnancy C Must be mixed in infusion bag Interacts with hormonal contraceptives
143
FUROSEMIDE Brand Name
Lasix
144
FUROSEMIDE Class
Loop diuretic
145
FUROSEMIDE MOA
inhibits electrolyte reabsorption and promotes excretion of Na, K, and Cl
146
FUROSEMIDE Indications (2)
CHF | Pulmonary Edema
147
FUROSEMIDE Contras (5)
``` Hypovolemia Anuria Hypotension Allergy Hepatic coma ```
148
FUROSEMIDE Drug Interactions ( 2)
Lithium toxicity may cause Na loss | Digitalis toxicity may cause K loss
149
FUROSEMIDE Adult Dose
40-80mg slow IVP - -> can be dosed at 0.5-1mg/kg - ->or double Pt's daily dose up to 100mg
150
FUROSEMIDE Considerations (2)
Pregnancy C | Ototoxicity and deafness may occur
151
HEPARIN SODIUM Class
Anticoagulant
152
HEPARIN SODIUM MOA (2)
Prevents conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin and affect clotting factors Does not lyse existing clots
153
HEPARIN SODIUM Indications (2)
Prophylaxis/Tx of clots, PE, coronary occlusion | Patency of IV injection devices/indwelling catheters
154
HEPARIN SODIUM Contras (2)
Allergy | Pt on other antiplatelet
155
HEPARIN SODIUM Interactions
Salicylates Abx Quindine
156
HEPARIN SODIUM Adult Loading Dose
60units/kg IV bolus to max 4000 units | if >100kg max 5000 units
157
HEPARIN SODIUM Adult Maintenance Infusion
12units/kg/hr IV drip to max 1000units per hour
158
EPI Infusion/Bradycardia
2-10mcg/min
159
EPI Infusion Post Arrest
0.1-0.5mcg/kg/min
160
EPI Infusion Severe Anaphylaxis
1-4mcg/min

NMETC (11 decks)

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