Respiratory Pharmacology

Question 1

indicated for treatment of acute episodes of bronchospasm

Answer 1

short-acting beta agonist

Question 2

what are the short acting beta agonist?

Answer 2

albuterol

levalbuterol

Question 3

indicated for long term control of bronchospasm in the patients asthma and COPD

Answer 3

long acting beta agonist

Question 4

what are the long acting beta agonist?

Answer 4

salmeterol
formoterol
arformoterol

Question 5

what are the side effects of beta-adrenergic bronchodilators?

Answer 5

tremors
tachycardia
palpations
hypertension
headache
paradoxical hypoxemia
tachyphylaxis
nausea

Question 6

drugs that work against the bronchoconstriction caused by the parasympathetic nervous system (decreases cGMP)

Answer 6

anticholinergic (parasympatholytics)

Question 7

act by blocking cholinergic parasympathetic receptors

Answer 7

anticholinergics

Question 8

what are the anticholinergic drugs?

Answer 8

ipratropium

tiotropium

Question 9

what can be delivered with the anticholinergics bronchodialators?

Answer 9

SABA

Question 10

this inhibitor drug increases the amount of cAMP within the smooth muscle. increases the level of cAMP that causes bronchodialation

Answer 10

methylxanthines

Question 11

what are the methylxanthine drugs?

Answer 11

theophylline
caffine
theo-dur

Question 12

what are the side effects of theophylline?

Answer 12

tachycardia
palpations
jutters
irritability
diuresis

Question 13

anti-inflammatory agents with direct and indirect bronchodilation effects

Answer 13

corticosteroids

Question 14

what are some of the corticosteroid drugs?

Answer 14

fluticasone
beclomethasone
budesonide
prednisone

Question 15

recommended when secretions are thick and tenacious and cannot be easily removed

Answer 15

mucolytics

Question 16

what is the mucolytic for CF?

Answer 16

pulmozyme

Question 17

specifically dilate the pulmonary blood vessels

Answer 17

pulmonary vasodilators

Question 18

what are the indications for pulmonary vasodilators?

Answer 18

PHTN
ARDS
R ventricular failure/ cor pulmonale

Question 19

non steroid drugs that have been approved for patients with mild to moderate persistent asthma

Answer 19

leukotriene

Question 20

what are the leukotriene medications?

Answer 20

montelukast
zafirlukast
zileuton

Question 21

will help prevent an asthma attack by inhibiting the degranulation of mast cells and preventing the release of histamine and leukotrienes

Answer 21

mast cell satbilizers

Question 22

what are some mast cell stabilizers?

Answer 22

cromolyn sodium

nedocromil sodium

Question 23

beta 2 does what?

Answer 23

bronchodialation

Question 24

beta one does what?

Answer 24

increase heart rate (vasoconstriction)

Question 25

alpha one does what

Answer 25

vasoconstriction

Question 26

the autonomic nervous system includes the ?

Answer 26

sympathetic | parasympathetic

Question 27

what are the sympathetic ns receptors?

Answer 27

beta 1 beta 1 alpha 1

Question 28

what are the parasympathetic ns receptors?

Answer 28

muscinaric | nicotinic

Question 29

the (sympathetic) controls which hormones ??

Answer 29

epinephrine | norepinephrine

Question 30

the cholinergic (parasympathetic) controls which hormones?

Answer 30

muscinaric | nicotinic

Question 31

what is the formula for clarks rule?

Answer 31

(lbs/150) x adult dose

Question 32

what is the formula for youngs rule?

Answer 32

(age/age+12) x adult dose

Question 33

what is formula for frieds rule?

Answer 33

(age in months/150) x adult dose