Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE FOR OSTEO 7 > RESPIRATORY PATHOLOGY > Flashcards

RESPIRATORY PATHOLOGY Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is dyspnoea

A

a subjective feeling of breathlessness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is haemoptysis

A

THE EXPECTORATION OF BLOOD OR BLOODY MUCUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

WHAT IS HYPERCAPNIA

A

AN INCREASED CARBON DIOXIDE LEVEL IN THE BLOOD CAUSED BY HYPOVENTILATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

WHAT IS HYPOXAEMIA

A

REDUCED O2 LEVEL IN TH EBLOOD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

WHAT IS HYPOXIA

A

REDUCED O2 LEEL IN THE TISSUES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

WHAT IS CYANOSIS

A

abolish discolouration of the skin and mucous membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are breath sounds created by

A

turbulent airflow in the respiratory tree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is stridor breathing

A

a harsh or grating sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what diseases can affect the upper respiratory tract

A

common cold
viral sore throat
croup
influenza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what diseases can affect the lower respiratory tract

A

whooping cough
pneumonia
TB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

who are URTI common in

A

children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is infectious rhinitis also known as

A

common cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the three most common viruses that cause the common cold

A

rhinovirus
adenovirus
echovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the pathophysiology of a common cold

A

virus invades nasal epithelium
acute inflammation of nasal mucosa occurs (inc vascular permeability) (inc mucosa secretion)
nasal congestion
can then spread to sinusitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, otitis media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

do cold viruses cause cellular death

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is a secondary bacterial infection

A

when mucus discharge turns into purulent discharge (green/ yellow/ smelly)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the best management for colds

A

rest, fluids, good food, symptom relief

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

are antibtx indicated for a cold `

A

no `

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what complimentary therapies are recommended for colds

A

zinc, vit c, echinacea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is seasonal influenza

A

highly contagious viral disease caused by type a influenza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

can influenza be fatal in the immunosuppressed

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

how is the flu transmitted

A

via infected droplets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the pathophysiology of the flu

A

virus binds ro respiratory epithelium
flu virus directs the host to multiply the virus through foreign genetic material
human cells are destroyed
necrosis of the respiratory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what does the flu vaccine do

A

produces specific antibodies that inhibit binding and entry into cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

does the flu virus cause cell death

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

why does immunity developed from previous flu infections/ vaccination become ineffective

A

because flu viruses can change surface antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

are antibtx indicated for the flu

A

no

28
Q

what is pertussis also known as

A

whooping cough

29
Q

what is the bacteria that causes pertussis

A

bordetella pertussis infection

30
Q

what are the three stages of pertussis

A

catarrhal stage
paroxysmal stage
convalescent stage

31
Q

what is involved in the catarrhal stage of pertussis

A

resembles a common cold

32
Q

what happens in the paroxysmal stage

A

bursts of rapid consecutive coughs that are followed by a deep high pitched inspiration

33
Q

what is involved in the convalescent stage

A

begins four weeks after the onset of the illness

34
Q

ARE antibtx indicated for pertussis

A

yes

35
Q

what is pneumonia

A

inflammation of the lung tissue from any cause

36
Q

if pneumonia is left untreated, what does it lead to

A

consolidation

37
Q

what are different patterns of pneumonia caused by

A

different microorganisms

38
Q

what are some common causes of pneumonia

A

strep pneumonia, staph aureus, legionella, viral pneumonia

39
Q

what are the clinical signs of consolidation

A

inspiratory crackles, dullness to percussion, increased tactile fremitus

40
Q

are antibtx indicated for pneumonia

A

for bacterial pneumonia, yes

41
Q

what is asthma

A

chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways, associated with obstruction

42
Q

is asthma more common in M or F in children

A

males

43
Q

is asthma more common in M or F in adults

A

females

44
Q

what is the most common form of asthma

A

allergic asthma

45
Q

what immunoglobulin is produced in response to allergens

A

immunoglobulin E

46
Q

what is asthma a result of

A

hypersensitivity reaction

47
Q

what is COPD

A

AN UMBRELLA TERM FOR THE RESULT OF CHRONIC BRONCHITIS AND EMPHYSEMA

48
Q

WHAT IS CHRONIC BRONCHITIS

A

A CHRONIC PRODUCTIVE COUGH FOR AT LEAST THREE CONSECUTIVE MONTHS IN AT LEAST TWO CONSECUTIVE YEARS

49
Q

WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF CHRONIC BRONCHITIS

A

CIGARETTE SMOKING AND INHALING TOXIC PARTICLES

50
Q

WHAT ARE THE DOMINANT PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF CHRONIC BRONCHITIS

A

MUCUS HYPERSECRETUIN AND PERSISTENT INFLAMMATION

51
Q

WHAT IS EMPHYSEMA

A

DEFINED AS THE PERMANENT DISTENSION OF AIR SPACES DISTAL TO THE TERMINAL BRONCHIOLES

52
Q

WHAT IS EMPHYSEMA CAUSED BY

A

CIGARETTE SMOKING, AIR POLLUTION, CHILDHOOD RESP INFECTIONS

53
Q

WHAT CAN EMPHYSEMA CAUSE

A

BULLAE AND BLEBS

54
Q

WHAT ARE BULLAE AND BLEBS

A

SUBPLEURAL AREAS OF MARKED PULMONARY DISTENSION

55
Q

WHICH ARE LARGER BLEBS OR BULLAE

A

BULLAE, LARGER THAN 2CM

56
Q

WHAT IS THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF EMPHYSEMA

A

OXIDANTS IN CIGRAETTE SMOKE PROMOTE INFLAMMATION, WHICH OVER TIME DESTROYS ELASTIN IN ALVEOLAR WALLS

57
Q

IN SOMEONE WITH COPD, SOMEONE WITH EMOHYSEMA WILL APPEAR

A

PINK PUFFER (THIN AND BONY AND RED)

58
Q

IN SOMEONE WITH COPD, SOMEONE WITH CHRONIC BRONCHITIS WILL APPEAR

A

BLUE BLOATER (PUFFY AND CYANOTIC)

59
Q

WHAT IS A BRONCHOGENIC CARCINOMA

A

MALIGNANT TUMOUR ARISING FROM RESPIRATORY TRACT EPITHELIUM

60
Q

WHAT CAN CAUSE A BRONCHOGENIS CARCINOMA

A

SMOKING, ASBESTOS, SILICA DUST, DIESEL EXHAUST FUMES, FAM HX, PREVIOUS LUNG DISEASES

61
Q

HOW CAN BRONCHOGENIC ECRCINOMA BE FURTHER CLASSIFIED

A

BASED IN HUSTOLOGY

62
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON DIVISION OF BRONCHOGENIC CARCINOMA

A

ADENOCARCINOMA

63
Q

WHAT IS A PULMONARY EMBOLISM

A

OCCLUSION OF A PORTION OF THE PULMONARY VASCULAR BED BY AN EMBOLUS

64
Q

WHAT ARE THE VIRCHOWS TRIAD FACTORS THAT ARE RISK FACTORS FOR A PULMONARY EMBOLISM

A

VENOUS STASIS
VESSEL DAMAGE
HYPERCOAGULABILITY

65
Q

WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMON FEATURES OF A PULMONARY EMBOLISM

A

SUDDEN INSET CHEST PAIN, DYSPNOEA, INCERASED HR, RR, UNEXPLAINED ANXIETY

66
Q

WHAT IS A PNEUMO THORAX

A

PRESENCE FO AIR IN THE PLEURAL CAVITY

67
Q

A PNEUMOTHORAX XAN BE CLASSIFIED BASED ON

A

MECHANISM ON INJURY (TRAUMATIC OR SPONTANEOUS)
PHYSIOLOGICAL NATURE (CLOSED, OPEN, TENSION)

BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE FOR OSTEO 7 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions