CORONARY HEART DISEASE

Question 1

WHAT IS CORONARY HEART DISEASE

Answer 1

ATHEROMA FORMATION IN THE CORONARY ARTERIES

Question 2

WHAT PROPORTION OF MYOCARDIAL ISCHAEMIA IS CAUSED BY CHD

Answer 2

90%

Question 3

NARROWING OD THE LUMEN BY WHAT PERCENT IS ENOUGH TO PRODUCE SYMPTOMS OF CHD

Answer 3

50%

Question 4

WHAT DISEASE IS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF PREMATURE DEATH

Answer 4

CHD

Question 5

WHAT ARE THE MAHOR UNMODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS FOR CHD

Answer 5

AGE GENETICS AND SEX

Question 6

WHAT ARE THE MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS FOR CHD

Answer 6

DYSLIPADEMIA
SMOKING
HYPERTENSION
DIABETES
OBESITY
PGYSIOCAL INACIVITY
METABOLIC SYNDROME

Question 7

WHY IS AGE A RISK FOR CHD

Answer 7

CELLULAR SENESCENCE (ABILITY TO REPAIR ENDOLTHELIAL DAMAGE DECLINES)
TIME - OPPORTUNITY FOR PLAQUE MATURATION

Question 8

WHAT FAMILIAL TRENDS PLAY A ROLE IN CHD

Answer 8

DIABETES AND HTN

Question 9

WHICH PEOPLE HAVE A HIGHER INCIDENCE OD CHD

Answer 9

MEN AND POST MENOPAUSAL WOMEN

Question 10

WHAT IS DYSLIPADEMIA

Answer 10

ABNORMAL CONCENTRATIONS OF SERUM LIPOPROTEINS AND TRIGLYCERIDES

Question 11

WHAT DO LIPOPROTEINS DO

Answer 11

TRANSPORT LIPIDS IN CIRCULATION

Question 12

LIPOPROTEINS VARY IN THEIR ……….. RATIO

Answer 12

PROTEIN TO LIPID RATIO

Question 13

WHICH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN IS BAD

Answer 13

LOW DENSITY

Question 14

WHAT DOES LDL DO

Answer 14

DELIVER CHOLESTEROL FROM LIPID STORES TO PERIPHERAL TISSUES

Question 15

WHAT DOES HDL DO

Answer 15

TRANSPORT CHOLESTEROL FROM PERIPHERAL TISSUES TO THE LIVER FOR EXCRETION

Question 16

WHAT MECHANISMS FROM SMOKING CONTRIBUTES TO CHD

Answer 16

TOXIC CHEMICALS CAUSE CELLULAR DAMAGE
NICOTINE INCREASES VASOMOTOR TONE
SMOKING INCREASES PLATELET AGGREGATION

Question 17

WHAT BP MEASUREMENT INDICATES HTN

Answer 17

140/90

Question 18

WHAT IS HYPERTENSION

Answer 18

CONSISTENT ELEVATION OF SYSTEMIC ARTERIAL BP

Question 19

HOW IS INSULIN RESISTANCE RELATED TO CHD

Answer 19

IT IS ASSOC WITH A PROINFLAMMATORY STATE, CONTRIBUTING TO ENDOTHELIAL INJURY

Question 20

WHAT IS METABOLIC SYNDROME

Answer 20

HAVING THREE OF 5 OF VISCERAL PBESITY INSULIN RESISTANCE, LOW HDL CHOLESTERL, HIGH TRIGLYCERIDES, HTN, INCERASING RISK OF CHD BY 2-3X

Question 21

PLAQUES HAVE A : …… CAP, ….. MATRIX, AND WHAT 4 TYPES OF CELLS

Answer 21

FIBROUS CAP
CONNECTIVE TISSUE MATRIX
MACROPHAGES, FOAM CELLS, SMOOTH MM CELLS, AND LYMPHOCYTES

Question 22

WHAT DOES PLAQUE DEVELOPMENT BEGIN WITH

Answer 22

ENDOTHELIAL DAMAGE FROM A RISK FACTOR

Question 23

WHAT IS ANGINA

Answer 23

CHEST PAIN CAUSED BY MYOCARIDAL ISCHAEMIA

Question 24

WHY IS STABLE ANGINA

Answer 24

CHEST PAIN CAUSED BY GRADUAL AND INCOMPLETE NARROWING OF THE CORONARY ARTERY LUMEN

Question 25

WHAT IS UNSTABLE ANGINA

Answer 25

CHEST PAIN CAUSED BY A SEVERE CORONARY BLOCKAGE AND IN A STRONG INDICATOR OF EMPENDING INFARCTION

Question 26

WHAT IS AN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Answer 26

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH MYOCYTE NECROSIS, AKA A HEART ATTACK

Question 27

WHEN IS ANGINA CONSIDERES UNSTABLE

Answer 27

WHEN IT OCCURS AT REST, IS A NEW ONSET, AND IS INCREASING IN INTENSITY

Question 28

IS UNSTABLE ANGINA A MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Answer 28

YES

Question 29

WHAT IS ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION ALMOST ALWAYS DUE TO

Answer 29

ULCERATION OR RUPTURE OF THE PLAQUE AND THROMBOSIS

Question 30

WHAT ARE ASSOCIATED SSX OF A HEART ATTACK

Answer 30

PALLOR, PALPITATIONS, NAUSEA, WEAKNESS, TACHYCARDIA, VARIABLE BP

Question 31

WHAT SHOULD BE USED FOR PAIN RELEIF IN AMI

Answer 31

SHORT ACTING NITRATES