Respiratory Key facts Flashcards
in a primary pneumothorax what diameter does the rim have to be in order for discharge to be considered
less than 2cm and not SOB
how big does the rim have to be in a primary pneumothorax in order for aspiration to be carried out
2cm
for a secondary pneumothorax if it is less than 1cm what should happen
give oxygen and admit for 24 hours
how do you diagnose a mesothelioma
thoracoscopy and histology
what is the most common organism causing infective exacerbations of COPD and bronchiectasis
haemophilus influenza
what are the x ray findings that you would see in heart failure
Alveolar oedema (bat’s wings) Kerley B lines (interstitial oedema) Cardiomegaly Dilated prominent upper lobe vessels Effusion (pleural)
there is an acronym for causes of upper zone fibrosis
CHARTS
C - Coal worker's pneumoconiosis H - Histiocytosis/ hypersensitivity pneumonitis A - Ankylosing spondylitis R - Radiation T - Tuberculosis S - Silicosis/sarcoidosis
in patients with sarcoidosis what is the indications for steroid treatment
parenchymal lung disease
uveitis
hypercalcemia
neurological or cardiac involvement
what kind of injury is aspiration quite common in
neurological injury
how do you distinguish between moderate, severe and life threatening asthma
life threatening 33 92 CHEST
severe RR above 25 and unable to complete sentences
what kind of lung cancer can cause Cushing’s syndrome
small cell lung carcinoma
what are the indications for insertion of a chest drain in a pleural effusion
purulent or cloudy pleural fluid
presence of organism identified by gram stain
pleural fluid ph less than 7.2
what does hepcidin regulate and what condition is it low in
iron
haemochromatosis
what is the only treatment licensed for smoking cessation in pregnancy
- bupropion
- nicotine replacement therapy
- varenicline
nicotine replacement therapy
