Renal Key Facts Flashcards
in the treatment of hyperkalaemia, what agent removes K+ from the body
calcium resonium
what is alport syndrome
get kidney disease, sensorineural hearing loss and ocular abnormalities as a child
genetic condition
renal failure in children can first present as what
haematuria
pre eclampsia cannot occur before what week of pregnancy
20
what CVD/renal medication can lead to gynaecomastia
spironolactone
in pre renal AKI why is sodium high
to preserve blood volume (urine osmolality will also be low)
hyaline casts containing tamm-horsfall proteins are seen in what circumstances
normal urine
after exercise
during fever
with use of loop diuretic
in what neuro condition does 80% of patients experience urinary symptoms
MS
damage to the splanchnic nerve causes
impotence
name some nephrotoxic meds
DAMN
plus gentamicin, contrast, phenytoin
what is acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) triggered by
hypersensitivity
if someone has raised calcium what should you be suspicious of
renal cell carcinoma
what is the triad for rhabdomyolysis
dark urine
generalised weakness
myalgia
(note that the CK will be 5X greater than usual and this is diagnostic)
what are the main symptoms in UTI
increased frequency and hesitancy
male smoker with painless haematuria is a risk factor for what kind of cancer
TCC
which of the prostate meds causes postural hypotension
tamsulosin (alpha blocker)
in peritoneal dialysis what fluids are used
osmotic agents ie 1.5% glucose solution
patients with PKD are at risk of what
hypertension so need regular BP checks
what is the triad for HUS
haemolytic anaemia, thromboocytopenia, AKI
may be triggered by Ecoli infection (uncooked meat at a BBQ)
what is the 2nd most common organ to be affected by TB and how can you test
renal
auramine staining
the immunosuppressant ciclosporin (immunosuppressant used in renal transplant) has what long term side effect
nephrotoxic (also gum hypersensitivity, HTN and atherosclerosis)
klebsiella is a ESBL producer, how is this treated
meropenem
what medication is the classic cause of acute tubular necrosis (ATN)
omeprazole
