Respiratory Infection Flashcards
Common upper respiratory tract infections in children
Rhinitis, otitis media, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, croup/epiglotitis
Type of cells involved in phagocytosis in mucocilliary escalator
alveolar macrophages
Patterns (types) of pneumonia
Bronchopneumonia, segmental, lobar, hypostatic, aspiration
Bronchiectasis definition/features
Pathological dilation of bronchi, excess mucus, infection/inflammation
Treatment for croup
Oral dexamethasone
Treatment for epiglottitis
Intubation and antibiotics
Treatment for community acquired pneumonia in children
Nothing if symptoms mild Oral amoxycillin (first choice) Oral macrolide (second choice)
Empyema definition
Pus in pleural space
Whooping cough proper name
Pertussis
Is acute bronchitis more likely bacterial or viral?
Viral
Severity scoring for pneumonia (including values)
CURB 65 Confusion blood Urea (>7mmol/L) Respiratory rate (>30) BP (systolic <90mmHg, diastolic <60mmHg) 65 years or older
What is low, moderate, high risk in CURB65
0-1=low risk (treated in community)
2=moderate risk (hospital treatment usually needed)
3-5=high risk of death (ITU needed)
Medication for each CURB65 severity (first choice, if penicillin allergy, duration)
0-1=amoxicillin (clarithromycin/doxycycline) 5 days
2=amoxicillin + clarithromycin (levofloxacin) 5-7 days
3-5=co-amoxiclav + clarithromycin (levofloxacin or co-trimoxazole) 10 days
TB transmission
Airborne, usually requires prolonged close contact
Clinical presentation of TB
Cough, fever, sweats, weight loss
