Respiratory Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

how are respiratory drugs adminstered?

A

inhalation, oral and intravenous

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2
Q

what drugs improve airway patency and ventilation?

A

bronchodilators and anti-inflammatories

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3
Q

name 2 bronchodilators

A

B2 agonist, anticholinergic

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4
Q

name an anti-inflammatory

A

corticosteroid

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5
Q

what is used to prevent mast cell degranulation?

A

chromoglycate and leukotriene receptor antagonists

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6
Q

what drugs impair ventilation?

A

b-blockers, respiratory depressants

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7
Q

give an example of respiratory depressants

A

benzodiazepines, opioids

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8
Q

what drugs are used to improve gas exchange?

A

oxygen

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9
Q

what are the methods for inhaled drug delivery?

A

meter dose inhaler, breath activated device

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10
Q

what is a meter dose inhaler

A

a normal inhaler (puffer)

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11
Q

what are the breath activated devices?

A

spinhaler and turbohaler

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12
Q

how do spinhalers and turbohalers work?

A

activated of a portion of drug and then sucking air across the mouthpiece which picks up the drug and passes it to the airway

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13
Q

what is a nebuliser good for?

A

airway attacks

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14
Q

what are aids to drug delivery?

A

nebulizer and spacer

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15
Q

who are spacers good for?

A

people with an MDI

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16
Q

how do spacers make inhalers easier to use?

A

they allow medicine to be taken in without having to breathe and activate device at the same time

17
Q

what are the 2 types of beta agonists?

A

short acting and long acting

18
Q

what are the two types of short acting beta agonists and what inhaler colour are they?

A

salbutamol and terbutaline - blue

19
Q

what is the long acting beta agonist and what inhaler colour is it?

A

salmeterol - green

20
Q

when do short acting B agonists begin to work and how long does it last?

A

2-3mins and lasts 4-6hrs

21
Q

what is the route of administration for short acting B agonsts?

A

inhaled, oral, intravenous

22
Q

what are short acting B agonists used for?

A

to treat acute bronchial constriction

23
Q

how long do long acting B agonists take to activate and how long does it last?

A

1-2hrs and lasts 12-15hrs

24
Q

what is the route of administration for long acting B agonists?

25
what are long acting B agonists used for?
prevention of acute bronchial constriction
26
what are long acting B agonists used with?
inhaled steroid
27
what do anticholinergics do?
inhibit muscarinic nerve transmission in autonomic nerves, have an additive effect in dilation with B agonists and effective in reducing mucous secretion
28
name the anticholinergic used and the colour of inhaler
ipratropium and is grey inhaler
29
what do corticosteroids do?
reduce inflammation in the bronchial walls
30
what are the types of corticosteroids and inhaler colour
beclomethasone (brown) budesonide (brown) fluticosone ( orange) mometasone (pink)
31
what is a compound preparations?
inhaled steroid with long acting B agonists
32
what are the 3 types of compound preparations?
seretide, fostair, symbicort
33
what other types of asthma drugs are used?
mast cell stabiliser, leukotriene inhibitors, biologic medicines, oxygen