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NCLEX Drugs > Respiratory Drugs > Flashcards

Respiratory Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

Albuterol

Mechanism of Action

A

Causes bronchodilation by action on beta2 (pulmonary) receptors by increasing levels of cAMP, which relaxes smooth muscle; produces bronchodilation, CNS, cardiac stimulation as well as increased diuresis and gastric acid secretion; longer acting than isoproterenol

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2
Q

Albuterol

Uses

A

Prevention of exercise-induced asthma, acute bronchospasm, bronchitis, emphysema, bronchiectasis, or other reversible airway obstruction

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3
Q

Albuterol

Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity to sympathomimetics, tachydysrhythmias, severe cardiac disease, heart block

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4
Q

Albuterol

Side Effect

A

CNS: Tremors, Anxiety, insomnia, headache, dizziness, stimulation, Restlessness, hallucinations, flushing, irritability
CV: palpitations, tachycardia, angina, hypo/hypertension, dysrhythmias
EENT: dry nose, irritation of nose and throat
GI: heartburn, nausea, vomiting
MISC: flushing, sweating, anorexia, bad taste/ smell changes, hypokalemia
MS: muscle cramps
RESP: cough, wheezing, dyspnea, PARADOXICAL BRONCHOSPASM, dry throat

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5
Q

Albuterol

Nursing Considerations

A

ASSESS:

  • Respiratory function: vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, ABGs; lung sounds, heart rate and rhythm, BP, sputum (baseline and peak); whether patient has not received theophylline therapy before giving dose
  • Patient’s ability to self-medicate
  • For evidence of allergic reactions
  • For paradoxical bronchospasm; hold medication, notify prescriber if bronchospasm occurs
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6
Q

Albuterol

Overdose Treatment

A

Administer Beta1-adrenergic blocker, IV fluids

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7
Q

Montelukast (Singulair)

Functional Classification

A

Bronchodilator

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8
Q

Montelukast (Singulair)

Chemical Classification

A

Leukotriene receptor antagonist, cysteinyl

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9
Q

Montelukast (Singulair)

Mechanism of Action

A

Inhibits leukotriene (LTD4) formation; leukotrienes exert their effects by increasing neutrophil, eosinophil migraine; aggregation of neutrophils, monocytes; smooth muscle contraction, capillary permeability; these actions further lead to bronchoconstriction, inflammation, edema

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10
Q

Montelukast (Singulair)

Uses

A

Chronic asthma in adults and children, seasonal allergic rhinitis, bronchospasm prophylaxis

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11
Q

Montelukast (Singulair)

Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity

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12
Q

Montelukast (Singulair)

Side Effects

A

Dizziness, Fatigue, Headache, behavior, changes, SUICIDAL IDEATION, SUICIDE, hallucinations, SEIZURES, agitation, anxiety, depression, fever, drowsiness
GI: Abdominal Pain, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, PANCREATITIS
HEMA: THROMBOCYTOPENIA
INTEG: rash, pruritus, erythema
MS: asthenia, myalgia, muscle cramps
RESP: Influenza, Cough, nasal congestion
SYST: ANAPHYLAXIS, ANGIOEDEMA, CHURG-STRAUSS SYNDROME

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13
Q

Montelukast (Singulair)

Nursing Considerations

A

ASSESS:

  • CHURG-STRAUSS SYNDROME: adult patients carefully for symptoms: eosinophilia, vasculitic rash, worsening pulmonary symptoms, cardiac complications, neuropathy
  • CBC, blood chemistry during treatment
  • Respiratory rate, rhythm, depth; auscultate lung field bilaterally; notify prescriber of abnormalities
  • Allergic reactions: rash, urticaria; product should be discontinued
  • For behavior changes and suicidal ideation, other neuropsychiatric reactions
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14
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent)

Functional Classification

A

Beta2-Adrenergic agonist, bronchodilator

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15
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent)

Mechanism of Action

A

Causes bronchodilation by action on beta2 (pulmonary) receptors by increasing levels of cAMP, which relaxes smooth muscle with very little effect on heart rate; maintains improvement in FEV from 3 to 12hr; prevents nocturnal asthma symptoms

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16
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent)

Uses

A

Prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm, COPD, asthma

17
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent)

Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity to sympathomimetics, tachydysrhythmias, severe cardiac disease, monotherapy treatment of asthma

18
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent)

Side Effects

A

CNS: Tremors, Anxiety, insomnia, headache, dizziness, fever
CV: palpitations, tachycardia, hypo/hypertension, angina, dysrhythmias
EENT: dry nose, irritation of nose and throat
GI: heartburn, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain
MS: muscle cramps
RESP: BRONCHOSPASM, cough

19
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent)

Nursing Considerations

A

ASSESS:

  • RESPIRATORY FUNCTION: vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, ABGs, lung sounds, heart rate and rhythm
  • PARADOXICAL BRONCHOSPASM: dyspnea, wheezing, chest tightness
20
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent)

Overdose Treatment

A

Beta2-Adrenergic blocker

21
Q

Albuterol

Functional Classification

A

Adrenergic Beta2-agonist, sympathomimetic bronchodilator

NCLEX Drugs (40 decks)

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