Respiratory Diseases/ syndromes Flashcards
(39 cards)
SCID - stands for severe combined immunodeficiency. What is the typical history for SCID and how are T and B cell counts affected?
Failure to thrive
Spur infections
Diarrhoea
Family history of early infant death
Low T cell count, Raised B cell count
Retrosternal Goitre is a condition in which there is an enlarged thyroid which extends in to the chest. List some signs and symptoms of this condition.
Stridor Weight Loss Palpitations Tachycardia Upper chest dullness
Eaton Lambert Syndrome is a paraneoplastic change which involves reduced autonomic activity. What are two other characteristics of the condition?
Hyporeflexia
Proximal Limb Weakness
Chest pain, Shortness of breath, oral ulcers and thrombocytopenia
Increased ds-DNA and Increased ANA antibodies;
are symptoms/signs associated with what condition?
Systemic Lupus Erythematosis
Horner’s Syndrome involves interruption in the sympathetic chain affecting innervation of the face, list three signs of this condition.
ptosis (eyelid dropping)
mitosis (pupil constriction)
anyhydrosis (can’t sweat)
Pain and altered shape at the ends of long bones is associated with which paraneoplastic change?
Hypertrophic Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy
Infections from a young age which resolve with treatment and are not associated with any other problems is typical of what disease?
Transient Hypogammaglobulinaemia of Infancy
RhD - ve mother Rh D +ve second child - type 2 hypersensitivity - treated by blood filtering What is the condition called?
Haemolytic disease of the newborn
What is Grave’s Disease?
An autoimmune type 2 hypersensitivity condition in which there is excessive production of thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism)
Multiple chest infections Widened airways Failure to thrive Struggle to gain weight Intolerant to many foods - this is a typical history of what condition?
Cystic fibrosis
Pancoast tumour
Symptoms of cancer
Apical
Hoarse Voice (due to compression of the laryngeal nerve)
Horner’s syndtome
Signs/ symptoms of Goodpasture’s syndrome
Cough Haemoptysis Ankle swelling Kidney dammage \+ve test for P-ANCA
Barking cough Sore throat Stridor Febrile Tachycardic and tachypnoeic Cervical lymphadenopathy Drooling WHAT IS THE DIAGNOSIS
Acute Epiglottitis
What two disease processes does caplan’s syndrome involve?
Rheumatoid arthritis and pneumoconiosis
Kostmann syndrome involves a v.low neutrophil count. What does this cause?
Recurrent infections within a few weeks post-birth
What is DiGeorge syndrome?
A developmental defect of the 3rd/4th pharyngeal pouch. There is no thymus and thus there are no mature T cells (No CD4 or CD8)
What is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and which is another common cause which was discovered in 2001?
Respiratory syncytial virus
Metapneumovirus (2001)
Which type of influenza causes pandemics?
Influenza A
Where in the lung can pancoast tumours be found?
The apices
Before prescribing medications, what should always be the first-line management for a patient with COPD?
Smoking cessation advice
How would a pulmonary embolism be managed in terms of medications?
Anticoagulation with a LMWH followed by warfarin for a minimum of 3 months
What are the signs indicative of severe asthma?
HR > 110 bpm
RR >25/min
PEFR - 33-50%
Unable to complete full sentences
What are the signs indicative of life-threatening asthma?
HR<40bpm RR >30/min PEFR <33% Silent Chest Cysanosis Confusion
What disease might involve a saddle-nose deformity and haemoptysis?
GPA/ Wegner’s
