Respiratory Disease in Childhood Flashcards
What is the process of respiratory distress syndrome?
Relative surfactant deficiency, air sacs collapse, V/Q mismatch, hypoxia
What is used to treat surfactant deficiency in respiratory distress syndrome?
Steroids
What common lung condition can neonatal respiratory distress syndrome lead to?
Pneumothorax
What increases incidence of pneumothorax?
Intermittent positive pulmonary ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure or ventilation
Because preterm babies are now more likely to survive, what can this lead to?
Chronic lung disease, diaphragmatic hernia, transient tachypnoea of the newborn
What is corrected gestation?
How old the baby is - how preterm the baby was
What signifies chronic lung disease in babies?
Oxygen requirement beyond 36 weeks corrected gestation and evidence of pulmonary parenchymal disease on CXR
What do babies with a chronic lung disease often go on to have?
Wheeze (not necessarily asthma)
What is a diaphragmatic hernia associated with?
Pulmonary hypoplasia
How do you treat a diaphragmatic hernia?
Respiratory support and surgery (do not bag)
What is transient tachypnoea of the newborn?
Lung fluid present which can be caused by infection
What are risk factors for transient tachypnoea of the newborn?
Ill mother, mother on antibiotics, bacteria going around
What are chronic lung problems in children?
CF, Kartenager’s (immobile cilia) syndrome, asthma
When are babies screened for CF and what are you looking for?
6 weeks- raised immune reactive trypsin level
CF babies will have what genetic change?
Homozygous for deltaF508 deletion
