Respiratory conditions WHOOPING COUGH).

Question 1

WHAT IS WHOOPING COUGH?

Answer 1

HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS RESPIRATORY INFECTION.

Question 2

WHAT IS WHOOPING COUGH CAUSED BY?

Answer 2

Bacteria bordetalla pertussis and bordetalla parapertussis.

Question 3

HOW IS WHOOPING COUGH SPREAD?

Answer 3

AEROSOL DROPLETS

Question 4

IS WHOOPING COUGH CONTAGIOUS ?

Answer 4

YES HIGHLY

Question 5

WHOOPING COUGH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

TRANSMISSION ?

Answer 5

BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS SPREADS THROUGH COUGHING AND SNEEZING.

Question 6

WHOOPING COUGH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY.

ATTACHMENT AND COLONIZATION

Answer 6

THE BACTERIA STICK TO THE RESPIRATORY TRACT LINING.

Question 7

WHOOPING COUGH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

TOXIN PRODUCTION

Answer 7

B PERTUSSIS RELEASES TOXINS THAT DAMAGE THE AIRWAY AND CAUSE INFLAMMATION.

Question 8

WHOOPING COUGH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE

Answer 8

INFLAMMATION LEADS TO SWELLING AND NARROWING OF THE AIRWAYS.

Question 9

WHOOPING COUGH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY.

PAROXYSMAL COUGHING

Answer 9

SEVERE AND PROLONGED COUGHING FITS OCCUR OFTEN WITH A WHOOP SOUND

Question 10

WHOOPING COUGH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

COMPLICATIONS

Answer 10

SEVERE CASES CAN LEAD TO PNEUMONIA, SEIZURES AND OTHER COMPLICATIONS.

Question 11

WHOOPING COUGH - PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

WHAT DOES PERTUSSIS TOXIN DO?

Answer 11

DISRUPTS ENDOTHELIAL CELL FUNCTION.

UPREGULATES HISTAMINE SENSITIVITY.

Question 12

WHOOPING COUGH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

WHAT TRACHEAL CYTOTOXIN DOES ?

Answer 12

PARALYSES AND KILLS CILIA

Question 13

WHOOPING COUGH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

WHAT DOES ADENYLATE CYCLASE TOXIN DO?

Answer 13

DISRUPTS PHAGOCYTOSIS

Question 14

WHOOPING COUGH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY.

WHAT DOES DERMONECROTIC TOXINS DO?

Answer 14

CAUSES LOCAL NECROSIS.

Question 15

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF WHOOPING COUGH

Answer 15

PAROXYSMAL COUGH
WHOOPING AND POST -TUSSIVE VOMITING MAY NOT PRESENT IN OLDER CHILDREN.

Question 16

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS IN YOUNG INFANTS.
WHAT ABOUT THE WHOOP ?

Answer 16

IN YOUNG INFANTS THE WHOOP MAY BE PRESENT AND COUGHING SPASMS MAY BE FOLLOWED BY PERIODS OF APNOEA AND/OR CYANOSIS

Question 17

IS WHOOPING COUGH A NOTIFIABLE DISEASE?

Answer 17

YES THIS IS

Question 18

WHERE SHOULD SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF WHOOPING COUGH BE REPORTED TO AND WHEN SHOULD THIS BE DONE.

Answer 18

REPORTED TO UKHSA AND SHOULD BE DONE WITHIN 3 DAYS.

Question 19

TREATMENTS FOR WHOOPING COUGH

WHEN SHOULD WE ARRANGE HOSPITAL ADMISSION FOR A <6 MONTH OLF AND IS ACUTELY UNWELL ?

Answer 19

SIGNIFICANT BREATHING DIFFICULTIES LIKE APNOEA, SEVERE PAROXYSMS, OR CYANOSIS.

SIGNIFICANT COMPLICATIONS LIKE SEIZURES, PNEUMONIA, DEHYDRATION.

Question 20

TREATMENT FOR WHOOPING COUGH IF HOSPITAL ADMISSION IS NOT NEEDED!

Answer 20

PRESCRIBE AXBS IF ONSET OF COUGH WITHIN 21 DAYS.

Question 21

WHAT AXB IS RECOMMENDED FOR WHOOPING COUGH?

Answer 21

MACROLIDE IS FIRST LINE

Question 22

WHAT ABOUT PROPHYLAXIS ?

Answer 22

AXB TO BE OFFERED TO CLOSE CONTACTS OR CONFIRMED PERTUSSIS WHEN SYMPTOMS IN INDEX CASE OCCURRED WITHIN PREVIOUS 21 DAYS AND CLOSE CONTACTS IS IN ONE OF THE FOLLOWING GROUPS.

Question 23

PROPHYLAXIS - GROUP 1

Answer 23

INFANTS AT INCREASED RISK OF SEVERE COMPLICATIONS:

<2 MONTHS OF AGE

A- BORN BEFORE 32 WEEKS GESTATION: UNIMMUNISED REGARDLESS OF MATERNAL VACCINE STATUS. (

B- BORN AFTER 32 WEEKS GESTATION: UNIMMUNISED WHOSE MOTHER DID NOT RECEIVE MATERNAL VACCINE AFTER 16 WEEKS AND AT LEAST 2 WEEKS BEFORE DELIVERY.

Question 24

PROPHYLAXIS - GROUP 1 PART 2

Answer 24

> 2 MONTHS OF AGE

A- unimmunised regardless of maternal vaccine status

b.) partially immunised regardless of maternal vaccine status

Question 25

PROPHYLAXIS - GROUP 2

Answer 25

Pregnant women at 32 weeks gestation or more Healthcare workers who work with infants and pregnant women People whose work involves regular close prolonged contact with infants too young to be fully vaccinated People who share a household with and infant too young to be fully vaccinated

Question 26

WHAT ADVICE SHOULD PATIENTS BE GIVEN?

Answer 26

REST ADEQUATE FLUID INTAKE PARACETAMOL OR IBUPROFEL

Question 27

WHAT IS WHOOPING COUGH LIKELY TO CAUSE? AND HOW LONG DOES IT LAST?

Answer 27

PROTRACTED NON-INFECTIOUS COUGH THAT MAY LAST 3 MONTHS.

Question 28

WHAT ABOUT CHILDREN AND HEALTHCARE WORKERS WHO HAVE SUSPECTED OR CONFIRMED PERTUSSIS ? ADVICE

Answer 28

stay off school or work until 48 hours of appropriate antibiotic treatment or after 21 days of onset of symptoms. If asymptomatic, no exclusion required.

Question 29

WHAT OTHER ADVICE SHOULD BE GIVEN TO PATIENTS (OUTSTANDING VACCINATIONS)?

Answer 29

WHEN RECOVERED ARRANGE FOR ANY OUTSTANDING VACCINATIONS TO BE GIVEN WHEN RECOVERED FROM THE ILLNESS.

Question 30

Offer immunisation to all people who have been offered antibiotic prophylaxis:

Answer 30

- UP TO 10 YEARS OF AGE -Booster dose recommended for people >10 years who have not received Td-IPV vaccine in the preceding month and have not received pertussis booster in past 5 years.

Question 31

PATIENT ADVICE WHEN PREGNANT ?

Answer 31

Pregnant women who receive a dose of pertussis vaccine before 16th gestational week also be given further dose after 16 weeks of pregnancy to protect neonate.