Management aspects of UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS

Question 1

DO UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS SELF-RESSOLVE?

Answer 1

USUALLY YES

Question 2

ADVICE FOR PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS CONSISTS OF?

Answer 2

-REST
- EXTRA FLUIDS
- ANALGESICS
-ANTIPYRETICS
- ESTIMATE OF LIKELY DURATION.

Question 3

WHAT ABOUT AXBS ?

Answer 3

MOST UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS ARE VIRAL AND WILL SELF RESOLVE SO AXB ARE NOT USUALLY PRESCRIBED.

Question 4

WHAT ABOUT BACTERIAL CAUSE IN UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS? AND AXB?

Answer 4

THERE IS BACTERIAL CAUSES OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS BUT THEY RARELY NEED AXBS.

Question 5

DO AXBS HELP?

Answer 5

NO, THEY USUALLY DO NOT IMPROVE SYMPTOMS AND CAN HAVE SIDE EFFECTS.

Question 6

GP’S ROLE WITH AXBS AND UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS.

Answer 6

TEND TO USE THREE AXB STAGES

Question 7

WHAT ARE THE THREE AXB STAGES WITH GPS?

STAGE 1 :

Answer 7

NO AXBS ARE NEEDED WHERE THE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION IS THOUGHT TO BE SELF-LIMITING (SELF-RESOLVES)

Question 8

WHAT ARE THE THREE AXB STAGES WITH GPS?

STAGE 2:

Answer 8

DELAYED AXBS ARE USEFUL WHEN SYMPTOMS FAIL TO IMPROVE OR WORSEN.

Question 9

WHAT ARE THE THREE AXB STAGES WITH GPS?

STAGE 3:

Answer 9

IMMEDIATE AXB PRESCRIPTIONS ARE RESERVED FOR THE MOST SEVERE CASES.

Question 10

REFERRAL PATHWAY

HOSPITAL INTAKE MAY BE INDICATED WHEN?

Answer 10

DEMINISHED FLUID INTAKE

CONCERNS REGARDING DIAGNOSIS MAY PERSIST

CHILDREN WITH MUFFLED VOICES

TENDERNESS BEHIND THE EAR

Question 11

RED FLAGS WITH UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS

Answer 11

<3 MONTHS WITH A FEVER >38

TOXIC APPEARANCE, SIGNS OF SEPSIS.

RESPIRATORY DISTRESS, STRIDOR, VOICE CHANGES, TRISMUS (LOCK JAW), DROOLING, TORTICOLLIS (STIFF NECK), NECK SWELLING, INADEQUATE ORAL HYDRATION.

SEVERE SUPPURATIVE COMPLICATIONS.

Question 12

WHAT IS FeverPAIN?

Answer 12

SCALE USED TO HELP DETERMINE STREPTOCOCCUS.

Question 13

WHAT TO NOTE ABOUT FeverPAIN??

Answer 13

ONLY VALIDATED IN CHILDREN >3 YEARS.

Question 14

FeverPAIN? WHAT ARE YOUNGER CHILDREN LESS LIKELY TO DEVELOP? WHAT ABOUT COMPLICATIONS?

Answer 14

BACTERIAL AETIOLOGY AND ARE LESS LIKELY TO DEVELOP COMPLICATIONS.

Question 15

FeverPAIN. WHAT ABOUT AXBS?

Answer 15

AXB IN THIS AGE GROUP IS BASED ON CLINICAL JUDGEMENT

Question 16

FeverPAIN
is it a munomic and how does it go?

Answer 16

yes
FEVER - OVER 38
PURULENCE (PHARYNGEAL/TONSILLAR EXUDATE).
ATTEND RAPIDLY (3 DAYS OR LESS).
SEVERELY INFLAMED TONSILS
NO COUGH OR CORYZA

Question 17

STREPTOCOCCUS - LIKELIHOOD OF IDENTIFYING THE CONDITION

0-1 score

Answer 17

0 to 1 score is associated with a 13% to 18% likelihood of isolating streptococcus

Question 18

STREPTOCOCCUS - LIKELIHOOD OF IDENTIFYING THE CONDITION.

2 to 3

Answer 18

2 to 3 is associated with 34% to 40% likelihood of identifying streptococcus.

Question 19

STREPTOCOCCUS - LIKELIHOOD OF IDENTIFYING THE CONDITION

4 to 5

Answer 19

4 to 5 is associated with a 62% to 65% likelihood if identifying streptococcus.

Question 20

what is it centor criteria

Answer 20

set of clinical criteria used to help assess the likelihood of a bacterial infection, specifically group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes), in patients presenting with a sore throat

Question 21

How does the centor criteria work?

Answer 21

patient gets one point for each of the criteria they meet

Question 22

with patients getting one point for each of the criteria, what is the criteria ? A-D

Answer 22

A- TONSILLAR EXUDATE (WHITE/YELLOW PUSS ON THE TONSILS).
B- TENDER ANTERIOR CERVICAL ln OR LYMPHADENITIS
C- HISTORY OF A FEVER
D- ABSENCE OF COUGH

Question 23

CENTOR CRITERIA
SCORE CRITERIA FOR IDENTIFYING STREPTOCOCCUS.

0,1, OR 2

Answer 23

0, 1 OR 2 IS ASSOCIATED WITH A 3-17% LIKELIHOOD OF IDENTIFYING STREPTOCOCCUS.

Question 24

CENTOR CRITERIA
SCORE CRITERIA FOR IDENTIFYING STREPTOCOCCUS.

Answer 24

3 OR 4 IS ASSOCIATED WITH 32-56% LIKELIHOOD OF IDENTIFYING STREPTOCOCCUS.

Question 25

MANAGEMENT OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN THE COMMUNITY. WHAT IF THE DECISION IS MADE NOT TO TRANSFER TO FURTER CARE?

Answer 25

NEEDS TO BE CLINICALLY JUSTIFIABLE AND REASONS SHOULD EB PRESENT AND PROPERLY DOCUMENTED.

Question 26

MANAGEMENT OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN THE COMMUNITY.

WHAT ABOUT SAFETY NETTING ?

Answer 26

GIVE WORSENING ADVICE
MAKE FOLLOW UP ARRANGEMENTS

Question 27

MANAGEMENT OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN THE COMMUNITY.

Answer 27

WHERE DOUBTS PERSIST SEEK SENIOR ADVICE (CLINICAL HUB) OR REVIEW.