Respiratory Conditions Signs

Question 1

Asthma - Signs (Severe Attack) (3)

Answer 1

1) tachypnoea 2) tachycardia 3) inability to complete sentences in one breath

Question 2

Aspiration Pneumonia - Signs (8)

Answer 2

1) purulent sputum 2) foul smelling breath 3) pyrexia 4) cyanosis 5) tachypnoea 6) tachycardia 7) hypotension 8) confusion (may be only sign in elderly)

Question 3

Type I Respiratory Failure - Signs (4)

Answer 3

1) cyanosis 2) intercostal space retraction (intercostal muscles pull ribs in) 3) accessory breathing muscle use 4) tachypnoea

Question 4

Hospital Acquired Pneumonia - Signs (Consolidation) (5)

Answer 4

1) reduced expansion 2) bronchial breathing 3) dull percussion 4) coarse rales (abnormal crackling lung sounds) 5) increased tactile vocal fremitus (increased vibrations felt during low frequency vocalisation)

Question 5

Hospital Acquired Pneumonia - Signs (6)

Answer 5

1) pyrexia 2) cyanosis 3) tachypnoea 4) tachycardia 5) hypotension 6) confusion (may be only sign in elderly)

Question 6

Emphysema - Signs (4)

Answer 6

1) pursed lips 2) barrel chest 3) use of accessory respiratory muscles 4) tachypnoea

Question 7

Aspiration Pneumonia - Signs (Consolidation) (5)

Answer 7

1) reduced expansion 2) bronchial breathing 3) dull percussion 4) coarse rales (abnormal crackling lung sounds) 5) increased tactile vocal fremitus (increased vibrations felt during low frequency vocalisation)

Question 8

Chronic Brochitis - Signs (4)

Answer 8

1) cyanosis 2) coarse rales (abnormal crackling lung sounds) 3) high JVP 4) peripheral oedema

Question 9

Immunocompromised Pneumonia - Signs (Consolidation) (5)

Answer 9

1) reduced expansion 2) bronchial breathing 3) dull percussion 4) coarse rales (abnormal crackling lung sounds) 5) increased tactile vocal fremitus (increased vibrations felt during low frequency vocalisation)

Question 10

Pulmonary Embolism - Signs (4)

Answer 10

1) tachypnoea (shock) 2) tachycardia (shock) 3) hypotension (shock) 4) high JVP (cor pulmonale)

Question 11

Community Acquired Pneumonia - Signs (Consolidation) (5)

Answer 11

1) reduced expansion 2) bronchial breathing 3) dull percussion 4) coarse rales (abnormal crackling lung sounds) 5) increased tactile vocal fremitus (increased vibrations felt during low frequency vocalisation)

Question 12

Community Acquired Pneumonia - Signs (6)

Answer 12

1) pyrexia 2) cyanosis 3) tachypnoea 4) tachycardia 5) hypotension 6) confusion (may be only sign in elderly)

Question 13

Type II Respiratory Failure - Signs (10)

Answer 13

1) cyanosis 2) intercostal space retraction (intercostal muscles pull ribs in) 3) accessory breathing muscle use 4) tachypnoea –> bradypnoea (severe) 5) tachycardia 6) somnolence (strong desire to sleep) 7) bounding pulse 8) stridor 9) inability to speak 10) asterixis

Question 14

Immunocompromised Pneumonia - Signs (7)

Answer 14

1) pyrexia 2) cyanosis 3) tachypnoea 4) tachycardia 5) hypotension 6) confusion (may be only sign in elderly) 7) long duration of symptoms (HIV)

Question 15

Asthma - Signs (Life-Threatening Attack) (3)

Answer 15

1) cyanosis 2) bradycardia 3) silent chest (inability to generate enough airflow to wheeze due to fatigue/exhaustion)

Question 16

Asthma - Signs (4)

Answer 16

1) symptoms worse at night 2) use of accessory respiratory muscles 3) hyperinflated chest 4) hyperresonant percussion