Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Acute Care and Rehab > respiratory conditions > Flashcards

respiratory conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What systems need examining in surgical patients?

A

Respiratory system
Digestive system
Renal system
CNS
Cardiovascular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the impact of anaesthesia on the respiratory system?

A

Dead space where tube is connected so patient may not be receiving perceived oxygen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a CABG surgery

A

Coronary artery bypass graft
Harvest a vein from leg normally
Graft to outside of heart to improve perfusion
Are put on by pass in the surgery
Involves a sternotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are possible post-operative pulmonary complications?

A

Temperature >38 degrees
WCC >11.2
Pneumonia / chest infection
X-ray of atelectasis / consolidation
Production of purulent sputum different from preoperative sputum
Positive results sputum microbiology
SpO2 <90% on room air
Re-admission or prolonged stay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why might thoracic surgery causes complications?

A

Surgery impairs post op respiratory function resulting in a relatively high risk of developing postop pulmonary complications incidence is much higher following upper surgery than abdominal surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a hemicolectomy

A

Removal of a segment of the colon either due to damage or cancer
Can be done open or laparoscopically
Recovery can be longer when open
Uses a middle incision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why might a patient need a hemicolectomy?

A

Bowel/colon cancer
ulcerative colitis
Crohn’s disease
polyps
diverticulitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is an anterior resection?

A

An anterior resection ileostomy is where a diseased portion of bowel is removed
Traditionally performed through a middle incision or now laparoscopically.
Last portion of large intestine before rectum is removed.
If anastomosis needs time to heal an ileostomy may be formed created stoma (temporary).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are possible risks presented by an anterior resection ileostomy?

A

Chest infection
Blood clots in legs or lungs.
Anaesthesia
Bleeding
Higher risk of complications if overweight, smoke or have other medical issues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are possible complications from an anterior resection specifically around the abdomen?

A

Leakage
Pelvic nerve damage
Increased risk of infection
Bowel stopping working

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is cystic fibrosis

A

Genetic disorder
affects the lungs, pancreas, liver and kidneys
Affects the CFTR gene which controls the production of mucus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the clinical features of CF?

A

Productive cough,

shortness of breath,

mucopurulent sputum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are treatmetns for CF

A

Clearance techniques such as side lying, percussion, autogenic drainage and ACBT

Medical management may include DNASE, hypotonic saline, IV antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is COPD?

A

Refers to emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is emphysema?

A

Destruction of alveoli
This reduces surface area for gase exchange and impaired lung function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is chronic bronchitis?

A

Inflammation and irritation of bronchial tubes.
Airways become swollen and excess mucus is produced obstructing airways.

17
Q

What are symptoms of COPD?

A

Dyspnoea
Cough
Wheezing
Chest tightness

18
Q

What are the contraindications for exercise in COPD?

A

Sever hypoxia
Recent MI 3-6 months
Unstable angina
Recent exacerbation of COPD requiring hospitalisation
Infection
Severe hypotension

19
Q

What is asthma?

A

A long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs.
Will have variable and recurring symptoms linked to reversible airflow obstruction and easily triggered bronchospasm such as due to exercise or allergies.

20
Q

What are symptoms of asthma?

A

Wheezing
Coughing
Chest tightness
Shortness of breath

21
Q

What is the treatment for asthma?

A

Inhalers - preventative inhalers often contain some level of steroids and relievers such as salbutamol
May need steroid tablets
Sometimes surgery
Physiotherapy for breathing exercises and clearance techniques

22
Q

What do preventative inhalers and reliever inhalers do?

A

Relievers help to eleviate immediate symptoms
Preventers help to reduce sensitivity of airways and reduce inflammation
Can have combination inhalers

23
Q

What is pneumonia?

A

Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung that mainly affects the alveoli that is usually caused by infection.

24
Q

What are symptoms of pneumonia?

A

Dry cough
chest pain
Fever
Difficulty breathing

25
Q

What is the treatment for pneumonia?

A

Clearance techniques to help move secretions
Breathing techniques
Antibiotics
Can be vaccinated against

Acute Care and Rehab (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions