Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology Spring 2021 > Respiratory: B2RAs > Flashcards

Respiratory: B2RAs Flashcards

1
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: Beta2-Receptor Agonists:

Basic Understanding:

Abbreviation for Beta2-Receptor Agonists

A

B2RAs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Basic Understanding:

Are Bronchodilators widely used?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Basic Understanding:

What population uses B2RAs?

A

All ages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Basic Understanding:

What are B2RAs used to treat?

A

Reversible bronchoconstriction caused by:

1. Asthma
2. Reactive airway disease
RAD
3. COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Basic Understanding:

Are many types of B2RAs available?

If so, what types are there?

A

Yes

  1. Many forms
  2. Many delivery systems
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Examples:

What are the categories of B2RAs needed to know for the Quiz?

What are the categories we need to know exist but do not need to memorize for the quiz?

A
  1. Most commonly prescribed

2. Other sympathomimetic B2RA medications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators:B2RAs:

Examples:

What are the Most commonly prescribed drug in this class?

INN/Generic Name?

Brand/Trade Names?

A

INN/Generic Name:

  1. Albuterol or salbutamol

Brand/Trade Names:

  1. ProAir
  2. Ventolin
  3. Proventil
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Examples:

What are the other sympathomimetic B2RAs medication categories?

A
  1. Short Acting

2. Long Acting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Examples:

DO NOT NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ

What are examples of Short Acting B2RAs?

A
  1. metaproterenol (Alupent)
  2. terbutaline (Brethine, Brethaire)
  3. bitolterol (Tornalate)
  4. pirbuterol (Maxair)
  5. levalbuterol (Xopenex)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Examples:

DO NOT NEED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ

What are examples of Long Acting B2RAs?

A
  1. arformoterol (Brovana)
  2. formoterol (Foradil)
  3. indacaterol (Arcapta)
  4. salmeterol (Serevent).
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

What type of tissue do B2RAs act on?

A

Muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics

What type of muscle do B2RAs act on?

A

Smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

What type of smooth muscles does Albuterol act on to achieve target effect?

A

Bronchial tree smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

Where are the smooth

What do B2RAs stimulate the smooth muscles in the bronchial tree to do?

A

Reverse bronchospasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

Reversal of bronchospasm of B2RAs is achieved by decreasing __1___ / __2___ and increasing __3___/__4___.

A
  1. Airway resistance
  2. Residual volume
  3. Vital capacity
  4. Airflow
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

Physiology/Dynamics of B2RAs

A
  1. Stimulate beta2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs which
  2. Activates adenyl cyclase (enzyme that converts ATP) which
  3. Increases production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate
    (cAMP)
  4. Increased cAMP
    - relaxes muscles
    - inhibits release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity from cells (esp. mast cells)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

What would the perfect B2RA do?

A

Work only on the beta 2 receptors in the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

Are B2RAs perfect?

Why or why not?

A

No

All of the currently available B2RA preparations
have some effects on other body systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

Is Albuterol selective or non selective?

A

Selective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

What does Albuterol effect in order to categorize it as a selective B2RA?

A
  1. Beta2 agonist

2. Some minor beta1 activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

Other than beta 2 receptors found on the smooth muscle in the lungs, what other type of smooth muscle beta 2 receptors are stimulated when using Albuterol?

A

CNS and..

Smooth Muscle:

  1. Vascular
  2. Skeletal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

Which beta 2 receptors on vascular smooth muscle are stimulated when using Albuterol?

A

Cardiac beta2 receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

Stimulation of the cardiac beta2 receptors causes what to happen when using Albuterol?

A
  1. Vasodilation

2. Decrease in diastolic blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

What does vasodilation and a decrease in diastolic blood pressure caused by the stimulation of cardiac beta2 receptors when using Albuterol cause to occur?

A

Reflex increased HR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

What must be achieved when using Albuterol to cause Reflex increased HR?

A

High serum levels of Albuterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

Why are high serum levels of Albuterol needed to cause increased HR?

A
  1. Albuterol has a low affinity for cardiac beta2 receptors

2. Fewer beta2 receptors than beta1 receptors in the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

When beta 2 receptors on skeletal smooth muscle are stimulated by Albuterol what occurs?

A

Tremors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

Compared to other agonists does Albuterol have less or more effects on the cardiac system and the CNS?

A

Fewer effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

What line of therapy is Albuterol considered (first, second, etc…)?

A

First line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacodynamics:

What contributes to Albuterol being considered first line therapy?

A

Fewer cardiac and CNS effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Absorption and Distribution:

How is Albuterol most commonly administered?

A

Inhaled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Absorption and Distribution:

Other than inhaled Albuterol, in which other way can Albuterol be administered?

A

Orally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Absorption and Distribution:

Where is inhaled Albuterol absorbed?

A

In the bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Absorption and Distribution:

Where is oral Albuterol absorbed?

A
  1. In the GI tract where is reaches the
  2. Bloodstream which
  3. Widely distributes it
    in body fluids and tissues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Absorption and Distribution:

Which variation of albuterol is formulated to be absorbed more slowly?

A

Extended-release oral albuterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Absorption and Distribution:

Does Albuterol excrete into breast milk?

A

It is unknown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism and Excretion:

Where is Albuterol metabolized?

A

Hepatic/Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism and Excretion:

How is Albuterol Excreted?

A
  1. Renal/Urine

2. Fecal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism and Excretion:

What is Albuterol metabolized into?

A

Albuterol 49-O-sulfate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism and Excretion:

What effect does albuterol 49-O-sulfate have?

A
  1. Little or no beta adrenergic–stimulating effect

2. No beta adrenergic–blocking effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism and Excretion:

How much inhaled Albuterol is excreted in urine within 24 hours of inhalation?

A

Approximately 72%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism and Excretion:

In what forms is inhaled Albuterol excreted in urine within 24 hours of inhalation?

A
  1. 28% unchanged drug

2. 44% metabolite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism and Excretion:

How much inhaled Albuterol is excreted in feces within 24 hours of inhalation?

A

Approximately 10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism and Excretion:

How much oral Albuterol is excreted in urine within 24 hours of taking it?

A

The majority

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism and Excretion:

How much oral Albuterol is excreted in urine within 3 days of taking it?

A

65%-90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism and Excretion:

How much oral Albuterol is excreted in feces?

A

About 4%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Do B2RAs have many contraindications to use?

A

Relatively few

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

What are the contraindications of use with B2RAs?

A

Patients with cardiac arrhythmias associated with tachycardia or heart block caused by:

  1. Digitalis intoxication
  2. Angina
  3. Narrow-angle glaucoma
  4. Organic brain damage (epinephrine only)
  5. Shock during general anesthesia with halogenated agents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Who should be monitored closely when administering B2RAs?

A

Patients with:

  1. HTN
  2. CAD
  3. Coronary insufficiency
  4. CHF
  5. Hx of stroke
  6. Hx of arrhythmias
  7. Taking digoxin
50
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

When should patients taking digoxin and Albuterol be monitored closely?

A

When Albuterol is started

51
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Why should patients taking digoxin and Albuterol be monitored closely?

A
  1. It increases the volume of distribution of digoxin which can
  2. Cause up to a 30% decrease in blood digoxin levels
52
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Which patients will require special considerations when administering B2RAs?

A

Patients with:

  1. DM
  2. Hyperthyroidism
  3. Pheochromocytoma
  4. Older adults
53
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Why do patients with DM require special considerations when administering B2RAs?

A
  1. Potential drug-induced hyperglycemia that could cause

2. Loss of diabetic control

54
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

What may need to be done for patients with DM when administering B2RAs?

A

Their insulin dosage may need to be increased

55
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Why do patients with Hyperthyroidism require special considerations when administering B2RAs?

A

Adverse reactions are more likely to occur

56
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Why do patients with Pheochromocytoma require special considerations when administering B2RAs?

A

Severe hypertension may occur

57
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

What should be done for patients with Pheochromocytoma when considering administering B2RAs?

A

Avoid use in these patients

58
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Why do older aged patients require special considerations when administering B2RAs?

A

Increased B2RA sensitivity

59
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

What pregnancy category is Albuterol?

A

Pregnancy Category C

60
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Does Albuterol cause human congenital anomalies?

A

No reports have been published on this

61
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Which type of B2RA is least likely to cause uterus contractions?

A

Inhaled forms

62
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Can Albuterol be measured in breast milk?

Why or why not?

A
  1. No

2. Only a small amount of drug is used and absorbed

63
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Is the use of Albuterol during lactation safe?

A

Most likely safe

64
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

What should be done if a patient is using Albuterol during lactation?

A

Careful monitoring of infant

65
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Is Albuterol used in infants and children?

A

Extensively

66
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Does Albuterol have adverse effects on children?

A

Minimal adverse effects

67
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Precautions and Contraindications:

Of all the B2RAs which is the fist choice medication for young children?

A

Albuterol

68
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Adverse Drug Reactions:

How long do adverse reactions to B2RAs typically last?

A

Short lived

69
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Adverse Drug Reactions:

If an adverse reactions to a B2RA occurs should the mediation be discontinued?

A

Its not usually necessary

70
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Adverse Drug Reactions:

If an adverse reaction to a B2RA occurs what should be done?

What is the goal of this action?

A
  1. Temporarily reduce dose then
  2. Slowly increase the dose to the optimal dosing
  3. May alleviate some of the side effects
71
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Adverse Drug Reactions:

What are the adverse drug reactions that can occur with use of Albuterol?

A
  1. Tachycardia and palpitations
  2. CNS excitation effects
  3. Headaches
  4. Insomnia
72
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Adverse Drug Reactions:

In what percent of patients using B2RAs is tachycardia and palpitations reported?

A

14%

73
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Adverse Drug Reactions:

What are the CNS excitation effects that can occur as an Adverse Drug Reaction to B2RAs?

A
  1. Tremors
  2. Dizziness
  3. Shakiness
  4. Nervousness
  5. Restlessness
74
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Adverse Drug Reactions:

In what percent of patients using B2RAs are headaches reported?

A

2% to 28%

75
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Adverse Drug Reactions:

In what percent of patients using B2RAs is Insomnia reported?

A

1% to 3%

76
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

Is careful monitoring of drug interactions with B2RAs necessary?

Why?

A
  1. Yes

2. D/t cardiovascular effects

77
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

Which medications do B2RAs interact with?

A
  1. Digoxin
  2. Other B2RAs
  3. Tricyclic antidepressants
  4. MAOIs
  5. Beta Blockers
  6. Cocaine
  7. Thyroid hormones
  8. Ritodrine
  9. Drugs that lower potassium level
78
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What is a possible effect of concurrent use of B2RAs and Digoxin/digitalis glycosides?

A

Digoxin serum levels may be decreased

79
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

If Digoxin serum levels are decreased d/t concurrent use of B2RAs and Digoxin/digitalis glycosides what can occur?

A

Increased risk of cardiac arrhythmia

80
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

If B2RAs are administered with Digoxin/digitalis glycosides what should be monitored?

A

ECG

81
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What what action should be carried out for a patient concurrently using B2RAs and Digoxin?

A

Decreased dose of albuterol may be needed

82
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What is a possible effect of concurrent use of B2RAs and Other B2RAs?

A

Additive effects

83
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What system is effected with concurrent use of B2RAs and Other B2RAs?

A

Cardiac

84
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

Are the possible effects of concurrent use of B2RAs and Other B2RAs serious?

A

Yes

85
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What what action should be carried out for patients concurrently using B2RAs and Other B2RAs?

A

Do not use concurrently

86
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What is a possible effect of concurrent use of B2RAs and Tricyclic antidepressants?

A

The effects on the vascular system may be potentiated

87
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What effect on the vascular system may be potentiated with concurrent use of B2RAs and Tricyclic antidepressants?

A

The pressor response of B2RAs

88
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What could a potentiated pressor response d/t concurrent use of B2RAs and Tricyclic antidepressants cause to occur?

A

Arrhythmias

89
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What is a possible effect of concurrent use of albuterol and MAOIs?

A

The effects of albuterol may be potentiated

90
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What may occur if the effects of albuterol are potentiated by concurrent use MAOIs?

A
  1. Severe HTN
  2. Headache
  3. Hyperpyrexia
  4. Possible HTN crisis
91
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What what action should be carried out for patient concurrently using B2RAs and MAOIs?

A

Do not use concurrently

92
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What is a possible effect of concurrent use of B2RAs and Beta Blockers?

A

Mutual inhibition of therapeutic effects of both medications

93
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What what action should be carried out for patient concurrently using B2RAs and Beta Blockers?

A

Do not use concurrently

94
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What medication is not to be forgotten when considering drug interactions of B2RAs and beta-adrenergic blocking agents?

A

Ophthalmic preparations

95
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What is a possible effect of concurrent use of B2RAs and Cocaine?

A

Increased CNS stimulation

96
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What what action should be carried out for patient concurrently using B2RAs and Cocaine?

A

Observe patients for cardiac and CNS effects

97
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What is a possible effect of concurrent use of B2RAs and Thyroid hormones?

A

The cardiac effects of both drugs may be enhanced

98
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What do cardiac effects of concurrent use of B2RAs and Thyroid hormones cause to occur?

A

Increased risk of coronary insufficiency

99
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What what action should be carried out for patient concurrently using B2RAs and Thyroid hormones?

A

Do not use concurrently in patients with preexisting cardiac disease

100
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What is a possible effect of concurrent use of B2RAs and Ritodrine?

A

Increased CNS stimulation

101
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What what action should be carried out for patients concurrently using B2RAs and Ritodrine?

A

Do not use concurrently

102
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What is a possible effect of concurrent use of B2RAs and Drugs that lower potassium level?

A
  1. Hypokalemia

2. ECG changes

103
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Drug Interactions:

What is the major class of drugs that lowers potassium levels?

A

Diuretics

104
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Rational Drug Selection:

Which short-acting beta 2 agonist is recommended for use of asthma?

A

There is no indication that one should be used over another

105
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Rational Drug Selection:

If there is no indication that one drug should be used over another who chooses the initial medication to be used?

A

The practitioner

106
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Rational Drug Selection:

When the practitioner is deciding which short-acting beta 2 agonist to prescribe for asthma what should be considered?

A
  1. Patient age

2. Cost

107
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Rational Drug Selection:

What is one of the the only short-acting bronchodilators that can be prescribed for children under age 4?

A

Albuterol

108
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Rational Drug Selection:

Is Albuterol safe to use even in infants?

A

Yes

109
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Rational Drug Selection:

Of the short-acting bronchodilators which medication is the least
expensive?

What kind especially?

A
  1. Albuterol

2. Especially a generic

110
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics: Monitoring

What labs/monitoring should be done for the patients on B2RAs?

A
  1. Peak flowmeter
  2. ECG (digitalis/digoxin)
  3. Monitor for Dysrhythmias (diuretics)
111
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics:
Patient Education:

What topics should be covered when providing patient education on use of B2RAs?

A
  1. Should be used as prescribed
  2. How to administer an MDI
  3. Assistive devices that can be used to administer MDIs
  4. Adverse reactions
  5. Lifestyle Management
112
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics:
Patient Education:

What could using more of a B2RAs than prescribed lead to?

A

Increased adverse effects

113
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics:
Patient Education:

What could using less of a B2RAs than prescribed lead to?

A

Increased bronchospasm and decreased pulmonary function.

114
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics:
Patient Education:

What should the provider NOT assume that the patient understands?

A

That the patient understands the proper method of administering inhaled medications.

115
Q

What is recommended to be used to assist in the administration of inhaled medications using an MDI?

A

See slides on MDI use and spacer devices in the “General Information” deck

116
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics:
Patient Education:

Overuse of the beta2-agonist bronchodilators can lead to what?

A
  1. Seizures
  2. Hypokalemia
  3. Anginal pain
  4. Hypertension
117
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics:
Patient Education:

Patients should understand that in the beginning they may have some stimulant-like effects that should lessen when used correctly. What are these effects?

A
  1. Increased heart rate

2. Tremors

118
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics:
Patient Education:

What are some other side effects of bronchodilators include what?

A
  1. Headache

2. GI upset

119
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics:
Patient Education:

If a patient using bronchodilators experiences GI upset what should the provider recommend?

A

Taking oral medications with food

120
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics:
Patient Education:

What adverse effects of bronchodilators should the patient inform the provider that they are experiencing?

A
  1. Palpitations
  2. Tachycardia
  3. Chest pain
  4. Muscle tremors
  5. Dizziness
  6. Headache
  7. Flushing
121
Q

Types of Respiratory Drugs:

Bronchodilators: B2RAs:

Pharmacotherapeutics:
Patient Education:

What lifestyle modifications should be taught to the patient using bronchodilators?

A
  1. Self-monitor with a peak flowmeter to determine effectiveness of the medication
  2. Avoid or quit smoking
  3. Avoid environmental triggers for asthma

Pharmacology Spring 2021 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions