CNS: General Information

Question 1

Types of CNS Drugs

Answer 1

1. Anorexiants
2. Anticonvulsant Medications
3. Antidepressants
4. Antipsychotics
5. Dopaminergics
6. Anxiolytics (Antianxiety) & Hypnotics
7. Mood Stabilizers
8. Muscle relaxants & Antispasmodics
9. Opioid Analgesics & Their Antagonists
10. Stimulants in Treating ADHA & Narcolepsy
11. Headache Treatment

Question 2

Types of CNS Drugs:

Anticonvulsant Medications

Answer 2

1. Hydantoins (phenytoin [Dilantin])
2. Carbamazepine [Tegretol]
3. Lamotrigine [Lamictal]
4. Levetiracetam [Keppra]
5. Succinimides (ethosuximide [Zarontin]
6. Drugs that affect GABA (gabapentin [Neurotin]-can be used for seizure, but also frequently used for other conditions such as neuralgias

Question 3

Types of CNS Drugs:

Antidepressants

Answer 3

1. TCAs—such as amitriptyline [Elavil], doxepin [Sinequan]
2. MAOIs—such as phenelzine [Nardil]
3. SSRIs—such as fluoxetine [Prozac], sertraline [Zoloft]
4. SNRIs—such as venlafaxine [Effexor], duloxetine [Cymbalta]
5. Atypical Antidepressants—such as bupropion [Wellutrin, Zyban], mirtazapine [Remeron]

Question 4

Types of CNS Drugs:

Antipsychotics

Answer 4

1. Typical Antipsychotics, such as chlorpromazine [Thorazine]
2. Atypical Antipsychotics—such as aripiprazole [Abilify]

Question 5

Types of CNS Drugs:

Dopaminergics

Answer 5

1. Amantadine [Symmetrel]

2. Carbidopa-levodopa [Sinemet]

Question 6

Types of CNS Drugs:

Anxiolytics (Antianxiety) & Hypnotics

Answer 6

1. Benzodiazepines, such as lorazepam [Ativan], clonazepam [Klonopin], alprazolam [Xanax], diazepam [Valium]
2. Serotonergic Anxiolytics, such as buspirone [Buspar], haloperidol [Haldol]
3. Barbiturates, such as phenobarbital
4. Benzodiazepine & Nonbenzodiazepine Hypnotics–Awareness of drugs & key points
5. Benzodiazepine Hypnotics, such as rapid onset-slow acting triazolam [Halcion], delayed onset-intermediate acting temazepam [Restoril , rapid onset-long acting flurazepam [Dalmane]
6. Nonbenzodiazepine Hypnotics, such as zolpidem [Ambien], eszopiclone [Lunesta]

Question 7

Types of CNS Drugs:

Mood Stabilizers

Answer 7

1. Lithium

2. Valproate [Depakote]

Question 8

Types of CNS Drugs:

Muscle relaxants & Antispasmodics

Answer 8

1. Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants, baclofen [Lioresal], cyclobenzaprine [Flexeril]
2. Benzodiazepines, such as diazepam [Valium] Already review prior-placed here so aware of use as muscle relaxant
3. Direct Acting Antispasmodics, dantrolene [Dantrium], botulinum toxin type A [Botox]

Question 9

Types of CNS Drugs:

Opioid Analgesics & Their Antagonists

Answer 9

1. Opioids generally classified as agonists, mixed agonist-antiagonists, partial agonists
2. Acute vs Chronic Pain Management-Opioid vs Non-opioid
   o Medication Contracts
   o Categories
    Agonists include codeine [Tylenol #3 or #4], hydrocodone [Vicodin], morphine [MSIR], oxycodone [Percocet, Percodan, Oxycontin]
    Opiate antagonists, such as naloxone HCL [Narcan]

Question 10

Types of CNS Drugs:

Stimulants in Treating ADHA & Narcolepsy

Answer 10

o methylphenidate [Ritalin], dextroamphetamine & amphetamine [Adderall