Respiratory and Nervous Systems Flashcards
External Respiration
the process of breathing in and out; gas exchange in the alveoli
Gas Transport
Oxygen and carbon dioxide use the blood stream as a transportation system
Internal Respiration
gas exchange in the capillaries
Upper Respiratory Tract
nasal cavity
paranasal sinuses
pharynx
Lower Respiratory Tract
larynx
trachea
bronchi
Soma
cell body of a neuron
Dendrites
fingerlike projections carry messages toward the soma
Axon
long extension carries messages away from the soma
Myelin Sheath
supports and insulates the axon, composed of special glial cells
Synaptic Cleft
space between two neurons
Reflex Arc
the nerve pathway involved in a reflex action
What role in the reflex arc does the spinal cord play?
It allows your body to bypass the brain, reacting automatically and quickly.
Cerebrum
upper portion of the brain, divided into left and right hemispheres
Corpus Callosum
mass of nerve fibers allowing the hemispheres to communicate
found in the cerebrum
Cerebral Cortex
outer layer of the cerebrum
Gray Matter
responsible for processing information
found in the cerebrum
White Matter
responsible for carrying information
found in the cerebrum
Frontal Lobes
center of reasoning, movement, emotions, problem solving, and some parts of speech
found in the cerebrum
Parietal Lobes
responsible for processing sense of touch
found in the cerebrum
Temporal Lobes
associated with speech perception, hearing, and some types of memory
found in the cerebrum
Occipital Lobes
receives input from your eyes and referred to as the visual cortex
found in the cerebrum
Cerebellum
found t the back of your head under the cerebrum
functions to coordinate skeletal muscle activity
Brainstem
connects to the spinal cord and controls involuntary functions
