Respiratory Agents/antihistamines

Question 0

Give 3 benefits with the administration of non-sedating antihistamines

Answer 0

Decreased sedation
Works peripherally
Has a longer duration of action

Question 1

Name 4 non-sedating antihistamine

Answer 1

Astemizole (Hismanal)
Loratadine (Claritin)
Fexofenadine (Allegra)
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)

Question 2

The prototype sedating drug

Answer 2

diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Question 3

Benadryls action

Answer 3

Blocks AcH making the patient sleeping

Question 4

Give 5 traditional sedating antihistamines

Answer 4

diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
promethazine (Phenergan)
meclizine (Antivert)
chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)

Question 5

Give 3 characteristics of the sedating antihistamines

Answer 5

Older
Work peripherally and centrally
Have anticholinergic effects

Question 6

If the patient is given too much promethazine (Phenergan) what sign will begin to be revealed?

Answer 6

Confusion

Question 7

Name the least sedating of the traditional sedating antihistamines

Answer 7

chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)

Question 8

Give the name of the drug given for vertigo

Answer 8

meclizine (Antivert)

Question 9

Name a sedating antihistamine that is also used as a sleeping aid

Answer 9

doxlylamine (Unisom)

Question 10

The sedating antihistamine used with colds

Answer 10

brompheniramine (Dimetane)

Question 11

The mechanism of action with antihistamines

Answer 11

Blocks H1 receptors preventing histamine from binding and causing vasodilation, increased GI and respiratory secretions, and increased capillary permeability

Question 12

In which cases would antihistamines be used

Answer 12

Allergies
Allergic reactions
Allergic rhinitis 
Parkinson's disease
Vertigo, motion sickness, nausea
Sleep aid
Common cold

Question 13

Aside from Benadryl, what other drug is also given for nausea but is not given as much as Benadryl

Answer 13

dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)

Question 14

Side effects of antihistamines

Answer 14

Drowsiness, visual changes, paradoxical excitement in children, mydriasis, anticholinergic (drying effects, constipation, dry mouth, difficulty urinating)

Question 15

You should not take antihistamines with these two items

Answer 15

ETOH

Any other OTC med unless ok from MD

Question 16

Name 3 considerations the patient can do to avoid side effects

Answer 16

Taking meds with food to avoid GI upset
Hard candy or gum for dry mouth
Increase in fluids and fiber to prevent constipation

Question 17

Do not use antihistamines, especially the newer non-sedating, with two meds due to life threatening CV (lethal cardiac dysrhythmias)

Answer 17

Erythromycin or antifungals

Question 18

Use antihistamines cautiously in patients with 8 health circumstances

Answer 18

Increased intraocular pressure
Seizures
Asthma
COPD
HTN
PUD
Pregnancy 
BPH