Respiratory

Question 1

State four functions of the nose:

Answer 1

1. Warms inspired air
2. Humidifies inspired air
3. Filtration
4. Olfaction

Question 2

What structures double the surface area of the nose?

Answer 2

Turbinates (conchae).

Question 3

What is the name of the pockets/passages the turbinates/conchae create?

Answer 3

The superior, middle and inferior meatus.

Question 4

Where does the sphenoid sinus drain?

Answer 4

The superior meatus.

Question 5

What are the 4 pairs of sinuses?

Answer 5

1. Frontal
2. Maxillary
3. Ethmoid
4. Sphenoid

Question 6

What is the innervation of both the frontal and the sphenoid sinuses?

Answer 6

Ophthalmic division (v1) of the trigeminal nerve (CN5)

Question 7

What is the innervation of the ethmoid sinuses?

Answer 7

Opthalmic AND maxillary divisions of the trigeminal nerve.

Question 8

Are the sphenoid sinuses medial or lateral to the cavernous sinus?

Answer 8

Medial.l

Question 9

How many cartilages are there in the larynx?

Answer 9

9 - 3 pairs and 3 unpaired.

Question 10

Innervation of the larynx is from the vagus nerve, what are the branches of the vagus nerve that supply the larynx?

Answer 10

1. Superior laryngeal nerve
2. Recurrent laryngeal nerve
   Both have a left and a right.

Question 11

What does the superior laryngeal nerve do?

Answer 11

Internal branch provides sensation and external provides motor innervation for the cricothyroid muscle.

Question 12

What does the recurrent laryngeal nerve do?

Answer 12

Provides motor innervation for all muscles of larynx except cricothyroid.

Question 13

What is a classic symptom of tumours near or on the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

Answer 13

A hoarse voice.

Question 14

What is the approximate volume of air inhaled/exhaled by the lungs in a minute (minute volume)?

Answer 14

5 litres/min.