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MBCHB BUZZWORDS > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Stony dull to percuss

A

Pleural Effusion

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2
Q

Right sided pleuritic chest pain

A

Most likely to be pneumonia

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3
Q

Alveolar bat’s wings, Kerley B lines, Cardiomegaly, Dilated prominent upper lobe vessels, Pleural Effusion

A

Pulmonary oedema

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4
Q

Ground glass appearance on X ray

A

Pulmonary fibrosis and ARDS in neonates

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5
Q

Ziehl-Neelson stain positive for acid fast bacilli

A

Tuberculosis

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6
Q

Caseous necrosis

A

Tuberculosis

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7
Q

Apical lesion secondary to TB

A

Assmann focus

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8
Q

Spread of mycobacterium tuberculosis to blood stream

A

Miliary Tuberculosis

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9
Q

Positive anti glomerular basement membrane antibodies

A

Goodpasture’s Syndome

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10
Q

Chest infection with a parrot/pigeon as pet

A

Chlamydophila psittaci

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11
Q

Dry cough and diarrhoea after holiday abroad, some indication of water spread

A

Legionella pneumophila

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12
Q

“Tall, thin, young man who indulges in marijuana”

A

Probably a pneumothorax (Marfan’s)

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13
Q

Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, erythema nodosum, granulomas, fatigue, uveitis and weight loss

A

Sarcoidosis

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14
Q

Bronchiole wider than neighbouring arteriole (on CT) (signet ring sign)

A

Bronchiectasis

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15
Q

“D” sign on X Ray

A

Empyema

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16
Q

“Steeple” sign on X Ray

A

Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)

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17
Q

Child with barking cough

A

Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)

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18
Q

Pneumocystis pneumonia treatment

A

Co-trimoxazole {+/- prednisolone if severe}

19
Q

Asthma + Nasal polyps + Salicylate sensitivity

A

Samter’s triad

20
Q

Cause of Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Alcohol abuse (danger of aspiration pneumonia)

21
Q

Red Jelly Sputum

A

Klebsiella Pneumoniae

22
Q

Mucoid Sputum

A

Chalmydophila psittaci

23
Q

Cannonball metastases (also weight loss and haematuria)

A

Classically from primary renal cell carcinoma

24
Q

Morning headache

A

Hypercapnia or side effects of organic nitrates

25
Q

ACTH secreting lung tumour

A

Small cell carcinoma of the lung

26
Q

PTH secreting lung tumour

A

Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung

27
Q

Increased serum ACE and Ca2+

A

Sarcoidosis

28
Q

Eggshell calcification at hilar region

A

Silicosis

29
Q

“Hear failure cells” seen in alveolar spaces

A

Macrophages that have absorsed haemosiderin found in chronic pulmonary oedema and associated (severe) left ventricular heart failure. Also seen in long standing pulmonary hypertension

30
Q

Area of infection and caseous necrosis at lung periphery, beneath pleura, found in TB infection

A

Ghon focus

31
Q

“Coin lesion” found on chest radiographs

A

Primary bronchial or lung carcinoma/ metastatic tumour (esp kidney)/Bronchial hamartoma/Carcinoid tumour/Granulomatous inflammation/Lung abscess

32
Q

This can occur if there is local spread of cancer to intrathoracic nodes or a Pancoast tumour

A

Horner’s Syndrome

33
Q

Acute management of Asthma “O SHIT MAN”

A 
Oxygen 100%
Salbutamol Nebulised back to back
Hydrocortisone IV or Prednisolone PO
Ipratropium Bromide Nebulised hourly
Theophylline IV or aminophylline IV
Magnesium and call an
Anaesthatist
34
Q

Thumbprint sign on head X Ray

A

Epiglottitis

35
Q

Inspiratory Whoop/Barking cough

A

Pertussis

36
Q

Snow storm appearance on X Ray

A

Baritosis OR Silicosis

37
Q

Management of infective COPD exacerbation

A 
iSOAP
"Ipratropium
Salbutamol
Oxygen
Amoxicillin
Prednisolone
38
Q

Non-smoker + lung cancer

A

(Peripheral) Adenocarcinoma

39
Q

CENTRAL lung cancer

A

Squamous or small cell lung cancer

40
Q

High D-dimers

A

Suspect Pulmonary Embolism (send for CTPA or V/Q scan)

41
Q

Low D-dimers

A

Exclude Pulmonary Embolism

42
Q

Large PE treatment

A

Thrombolysis

43
Q

Small PE treatment

A

Low molecular weight heparin

MBCHB BUZZWORDS (8 decks)

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