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MBCHB BUZZWORDS > Renal > Flashcards

Renal Flashcards

1
Q

Membranous nephropathy causes malignancy: true or false?

A

TRUE

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2
Q

Official name for Viagra

A

Sildenafil

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3
Q

BPH management

A

Alpha adrenergic blocker (Tamsulosin, alfuzosin), 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (finasteride, dutasteride)

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4
Q

Hydrocele trans illuminates: true or false?

A

TRUE

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5
Q

Testicular mass + can palpate above it

A

Mass related to scrotal contents

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6
Q

Testicular mass + cannot palpate above it

A

Probably hernia

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7
Q

Where does the bulbourethral gland lie in relation to the membranous urethra

A

lies POSTERIOR to membranous urethra

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8
Q

Splitting of which structure would prevent seminal fluid from entering the urethra

A

Bladder sphincter

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9
Q

Structure that covers the testis

A

Tunica vaginalis

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10
Q

Weight gain is not associated with peritoneal dialysis: true or false?

A

FALSE

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11
Q

Location of sperm production

A

Seminiferous tubules

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12
Q

On the Davernport diagram where is RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

A

Top left

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13
Q

On the Davernport diagram where is METABOLIC ACIDOSIS

A

Bottom left

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14
Q

On the Davernport diagram where is METABOLIC ALKALOSIS

A

Top right

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15
Q

On the Davernport diagram where is RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS

A

Bottom right

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16
Q

Structure the right and left gonadal (testicular/ovarian) arteries arise from

A

Abdominal aorta

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17
Q

Structure right gonadal (testicular/ovaria) vein drains to?

A

IVC

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18
Q

Structure left gonadal (testicular/ovaria) vein drains to?

A

Left renal vein

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19
Q

Strawberry milkshake blood

A

Hypertriglyceridaemia/nephritic syndrome

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20
Q

Strawberry milkshake blood

A

Hypertriglyceridaemia/nephritic syndrome

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21
Q

Cancer liked with “Cannonball metastases” in lungs on chest X-Ray

A

Renal cell carcinoma

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22
Q

“Loin to groin pain”

A

Renal colic

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23
Q

Sea anemone

A

Transitional cell carcinoma (of bladder) on cystoscopy

24
Q

UTI + travel to India

A

Carbapenase producing klebsiella (resistant to all antibiotics)

25
Q

UTI with foul smelling urine and calculi

A

Proteus

26
Q

Beading of renal artery

A

Fibromuscular Dysplasia

27
Q

“Muddy brown casts” of epithelial cells

A

Acute tubular necrosis

28
Q

“Potato” appearance on pathology

A

Testicular seminoma

29
Q

“Blue dot sign”

A

Torsion of testicular appendix (aka hydatid of Morgagni) (cremastic reflex still present)

30
Q

Drug given in hyperkalaemia that is cardioprotective

A

IV calcium gluconate

31
Q

2 complications of uraemia

A

Uremic pericarditis and uremic encephalopathy

32
Q

Small kidney on ultrasound indicates…

A

Most likely to be a chronic condition

33
Q

Conditions that cause renal-pulmonary-disease

A

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis and Goodpasture’s

34
Q

Time taken for one unit of blood to go through the body

A

3-4 hours

35
Q

Syndrome makes patient prone to clots and infections

A

Nephrotic syndrome

36
Q

Haematuria + strep infection a few WEEKS ago

A

Acute diffuse proliferative/Post infective glomerulonephritis

37
Q

Upper respiratory tract infection + haematuria a few DAYS later

A

IgA nephropathy

38
Q

“Kimmelstiel Wilson nodule” on histology

A

Diabetic nephropathy

39
Q

Apple green birefringence in glomerulus on Congo Red stain

A

Amyloid deposition in glomerulus

40
Q

Otosclerotic bone metastesis = THINK…

A

THINK prostate cancer

41
Q

ECG changes: Tall tented T waves, loss of p wave (can progress to sine wave sign) and broad QRS complex

A

Hyperkalaemia

42
Q

Important indicator to STOP penicillamine

A

Bone marrow hypoplasia (platelets lowering)

43
Q

All patients with peripheral oedema are dehydrated: true or false?

A

FALSE

44
Q

Part of dialysis that refers to removal from blood of water and equimolar concentrations of permeable solutes

A

Ultrafiltration

45
Q

Three main concepts behind dialysis

A

Diffusion
Convection
Adsorption

46
Q

4 GN’s that cause NON-proliferative glomerulonephritis and likely cause NEPHROTIC SYNDROME

A

Membranous nephropathy, FSGS, Minimal change disease and Amyloidosis

47
Q

Predominant mechanism that removes larger molecules in continuous renal replacement therapy

A

Convection

48
Q

Completed to prevent an AKI (linked to interstitial nephritis) when a contrast scan must be completed

A

Giving saline before and after contrast

49
Q

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is autosomal dominant: true or false?

A

FALSE

50
Q

Type of stones associated with stag horn calculi

A

Magnesium ammonium phosphate

51
Q

Diamond or wedge-shaped crystals

A

Uric acid stones

52
Q

Envelop-shaped crystals

A

Calcium oxalate

53
Q

Hexagonal shaped crystals

A

Cystine stones

54
Q

Coffin-lid crystals

A

Magnesium ammonium phosphate

55
Q

Wedge shaped crystals

A

Calcium phosphate stones

56
Q

Artery horseshoe kidneys are trapped under which prevents anterior ascent

A

Interior mesenteric artery (at L3)

MBCHB BUZZWORDS (8 decks)

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