respiratory

Question 1

what organism is part of the normal cat respiratory flora but NOT the dog?

Answer 1

micrococcus (+)

Question 2

bacterial rhinitis is almost always _____

Answer 2

secondary (trauma, FB, dental dz…)

Question 3

main agents to know when you see feline upper respiratory dz ? 3

Answer 3

• feline calicivirus
• feline viral rhinotracheitis (herpes 1)
• chlamydophila

Question 4

herpesvirus 1 
virulence ?
replication site?
clinical signs?
shedding period?

Answer 4

• high virulence
• replicates in the nose, trachea, conjunctiva
• causes corneal ulcers and nasal necrosis
• sheds for <2weeks post stress

Question 5

calicivirus 
virulence ?
replication site?
clinical signs?
shedding period?

Answer 5

• variable virulance
• replicates in the nosem/mouth, lungs, conjunctiva, JOINTS
• unique signs ulcerative stomatitis, lameness, and pneumonia in kittens
• causes marked oral ulcerations
• sheds constantly

Question 6

chlamydophila 
virulence ?
replication site?
clinical signs? 
shedding period?

Answer 6

• low virulance
• replicates in nose/mouth
• sheds post stress
• causes marked conjunctivitis and ocular discharge

Question 7

what is the most common fungus that causes dz in the URT of the cat

Answer 7

cryptococcus neoformans

Question 8

cats are more likely to develop rhinitis/sinusitis is they have poor ____ and are positive for ______

Answer 8

poor immune response and positive for feline herpes virus 1

Question 9

common agents that cause secondary URT infections due to feline herpes virus (2)

Answer 9

bordetella and mycoplasma

Question 10

normal LRT flora (5)

Answer 10

• P. multocida (-)
• Moraxella (-)
• Klebsiella (-)
• Enterobacter (-)
• Corynebacterium (+)

Question 11

expiratory dyspnea indicates ____

inspiratory dyspnea indicates _____

Answer 11

expiratory : LRT

inspiratory : pleural

Question 12

major viral components of kennel cough (2)

Answer 12

parainfluenza and adenovirus

Question 13

major bacterial (secondary) components to kennel cough (3)

Answer 13

• bordetella bronchiseptica (-) –> common to cause mucous discharge
• streptococcus canis (+)
• mycoplasma

Question 14

incubation and duration of kennel cough

Answer 14

• incubates for 3-10days

- lasts 6-10days is uncomplicated

Question 15

bordetella bronchiseptica in cats

• prevalence in multi-cat environment
• vx?

Answer 15

• 30-80% prevalence

- do not vx unless outbreaks in clutter

Question 16

bacterial pneumonia in older dogs vs younger

Answer 16

• younger: viral and 2nd bacterial

- older: aspiration or FB

Question 17

acute vs chronic bacterial pneumonia signs always correlate to cause (T/F)

Answer 17

FALSE

Question 18

common bacterial pneumonia pathogens (3+, 6-, 3 anaerobes)

Answer 18

• staph, strep, enterococcus
• e.coli, pseudomonas, bordetella, pasteurella, klebsiella, actiobacillus
• bacteroides, clostridium fusobacterium

Question 19

fungal pneumonia agents 4

Answer 19

• histoplasma
• crypto
• blastomyces
• coccidioides

Question 20

what causes granulomatous pleural effusions

Answer 20

FIP

fungal

Question 21

what causes serofibrinous pleural effusions

Answer 21

adenovirus
leptospirosis
distemper
tuberculosis

Question 22

pyothorax effusions in the dog vs cat

Answer 22

• dog: mostly anaerobes ->fusobacterium, nocardia, actinomyces
• cat: p.multocida, anaerobes