respiratory

Question 1

respiratory portion

Answer 1

respiratory bronchioles,alveolar sacs and alveoli

Question 2

Nasal mucosa divided into

Answer 2

nasal vestibule ,respiratory mucosa and olfactory mucosa.

Question 3

nasal vestibule

Answer 3

most anterior part,lined by keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and supported by hyaline cartilage.has sweat and sebaceous glands and eoidermal hairy cells called vibrissae.

Question 4

respiratory mucosa

Answer 4

pseudostratified columnor ciliated epithelium.Has goblet ,serous and basal cells.has seromucous glands

Question 5

olfactory mucosa

Answer 5

contains nerve endings sensitive to smell and bowman’s glands.basal and sustentacular cells.

Question 6

nasopharynx

Answer 6

lined by pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium.cells and glands same as respiratory mucosa.

Question 7

larynx

Answer 7

lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium except superior surfaces of epiglottis and vocal folds which are covered by stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium.

Question 7

larynx

Answer 7

lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium except superior surfaces of epiglottis and vocal folds which are covered by stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium.

Question 8

basic structure of wall of primary bronchus differs from the trachea:

Answer 8

respiratory epithelium is less tall &contains fewer goblet cells lamina propria contains more elastin lamina propria is separated from submucosa by layer of smooth muscle submucosa contains fewer seromucous glands cartilage support is flattened interconnected plates rather than distinct rings.

Question 9

tertiary bronchioles

Answer 9

tall columnar epithelium with little pseudostratification no glands ,thin lamina propria and lymphocytes can be seen Has clara cells-function as stem cells for repair in the bronchiole and can divide into ciliated or non ciliated bronchiolar cells

Question 10

bronchioles

Answer 10

no glands,no cartilage only smooth muscles on its walls mucosa has ciliated columnar epithelium with no goblet cells .Goblet cells are replaced by clara cells

Question 11

terminal bronchioles

Answer 11

lined with simple cuboidal epithelium and contain numerous clara cells.

Question 12

functions of clara celss

Answer 12

act as stem cells produce one of the components of surfactant contain enzymes that can detoxify noxious substances

Question 13

Respiratory bronchioles

Answer 13

walls formed by smooth muscles and collagen fibres mucosa coveted by simple cuboidal epithelium sometimes ciliated.They communicate directly with alveolar ducts.

Question 14

Alveolar ducts

Answer 14

contain type two collagen and smooth muscles no glands lined by simple squamous epithelium has type 1 and type 2 pneumocytes of alveoli and terminate into 2 to 3 alveoli

Question 15

alveoli

Answer 15

2 cells tyeps in the epithelium:type 1-form gaseous diffusion barrie &type 2-secrete surfactant.