GIT Flashcards

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1
Q

mucosa

A

stratified squamous or simple columnar

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2
Q

hard palate

A

ketatinized mucous epithelium

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3
Q

soft palate

A

non keratinized mucous epithelium

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4
Q

toungue

A

striated muscle covered by non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and lamina propria.

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5
Q

taste buds have 3 cell types

A

gustatory(taste cells),sustentacular(support)cells and basal cells(stem cells)

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6
Q

papillae

A

stratified squamous epithelium

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7
Q

esophagus

A

lined by stratified squamous epithelium non keratinized

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8
Q

specialization of esophagus tissues

A

esophageal glands proper-tubuloacinar mucus secreting glands esophageal cardiac glands-small branched mucussecreting glands

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9
Q

gastroesophageal junction

A

transition from stratified squamous to glandular secretory mucosa.

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10
Q

simple columnar epithelium of stomach facing the lumen is modified so that

A

all cells secret mucus ,forming a sheet gland that protects the stomach from its acidic environment.

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11
Q

gastric glands have

A

isthmus,neck and base

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12
Q

stomach cells

A

mucous cells-secrete mucous to protect epithelial cells from enzymes&acid. parietal cells-secrete HCL for protein digestion and intrinsic factor for B12 absorption. chief cells-secrete pepsinogen. G-cells-secret gastrin

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13
Q

muscularis externa

A

made of 3 muscular layers;internal oblique layer,middle circular layer and outer longitudinal layer that is separated from circular layer by Auerbach’s plexus

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14
Q

mucosal epithelium of S.I composed of

A

1.absorptive cells-form simple columnar epithelium . 2.goblet cells intestinal glands have;paneth cells-contents digest bacterial cell walls and enteroendocrine cells

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15
Q

variations specific to intestinal subdivisions

A

1.brunner’s glands-present in duodenum.;secret an alkaline mucus to neutralize acidity of stomach contents. 2.peyer’s patches-clusters of lymphoid nodules located in the ileum.

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16
Q

colon

A

absorptive cells goblet cells increase in number toward the rectum and provide lubrication. reduced number of enteroendocrine cells. intestinal glands are straight and there are no villi or plicar circulares.

17
Q

pancrease

A

exocrine and endocrine

18
Q

exocrine pancrease

A

compound acinar gland.aciner cells secret enzymes that breakdown proteins,carbs,lipids

19
Q

ducts

A

intercalated ducts-lined with simple cuboidal epithelium centroacinar cells -secret bicarbonates to neutralize acidity of stomach. interlobular ducts-lead into one or more excretory ducts that empty into duodenum.

20
Q

endocrine

A

islets of langerhans;alpha cells-glucagon,beta cells -insulin,D cells-somatostatin

21
Q

Liver

A

organized into lobules that take the shape of polygonal prisms. Each lobule is hexagonal and is centered on central vein Within each lobule hapatocytes are arranged into hepatic cords separated by sinusoids.

22
Q

liver lobules also called

A

liver acini

23
Q

liver lobule vs liver acinus

A

lobule-encompasses liver tissue that is served by a branch of hepatic vein (central vein(. acinus-encompasses liver tissue that is served by terminal branch of the hepatic artery.

24
Q

hepatic cord

A

consinst of hepatocytes

25
Q

space of disse

A

space between the fenestrated endothelium and hepatic cords. It contains a network of reticular fibres (collagen type3) which hold the hepatocytes together.

26
Q

the interstitial fluid of the space of disse is blood plasma because

A

fenestrations of the endothelium permit free movement of blood plasma

27
Q

bile canaliculi

A

formed by apical surfaces of adjacent hepatocytes .

28
Q

steallate Ito cells

A

located at intervals within the space of disse ,store fat and viatmin A