Respiratory

Question 1

H1 blockers (first gen)

Answer 1

diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, chlorpheniramine

Question 2

H1 blockers (first gen): uses

Answer 2

allergy, motion sickness, sleep aid

Question 3

H1 blockers (first gen) : tox

Answer 3

sedation, antimusc, anti-alpha-adrenergic

Question 4

H1 blockers (2nd gen)

Answer 4

(des)loratidine, fexofenadine,citirizine

Question 5

H1 blockers (2nd gen): uses

Answer 5

allergy only

Question 6

H1 blockers (2nd gen): tox

Answer 6

sedation, anti musc/adrenergic (but less than 1st gen)

Question 7

albuterol

Answer 7

b2 agonist, relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. for acute exacerbation asthma

Question 8

salmeterol, formoterol

Answer 8

long-acting for asthma, prophylaxis

Question 9

theophylline

Answer 9

methylxantine, bronchodilation

Question 10

ipatropium: mech

Answer 10

competitively blocs musc R’s, prevents bronchoconstriction

Question 11

fluticasone, beclomethasone: use, mech

Answer 11

inhibits cytokines, inactivates nfKB (which increases TNF-a and other inflammatories). chronic asthma

Question 12

montelukast, zafirlukast : mech, use

Answer 12

blocks leukotriene Rs, aspirin-induced asthma

Question 13

theophylline: molecular

Answer 13

inhibibits PDE, decreases cAMP hydrolysis, metabolized by p450. blocks adenosine

Question 14

theophylline: tox

Answer 14

cardio, neurotox.

Question 15

salmeterol, formoterol: tox

Answer 15

tox: tremor, arrythmia

Question 16

for COPD

Answer 16

ipatropium, totropium (longer acting musc antagonist)

Question 17

zileuton

Answer 17

5-lipoxygenase path inhibitor, blocs arachidonic acid to leukotrienes

Question 18

omalizaumab: mech, resistance

Answer 18

monoclonal anti IgE antibody, binds unbound IgE. allergic asthma. resistant to inhaled steroids, long-acting b2 agonists

Question 19

guaifenesin

Answer 19

thins resp secretions, no suppresion of coughs

Question 20

N-aceytlcysteine

Answer 20

loosens CF mucous plugs, acetamino OD cure

Question 21

bosentan

Answer 21

pulmonary arterial HTN, competive antag endothelin-1 Rs, decrease pulm resistance

Question 22

dextrometorphan

Answer 22

antag NMDA, synthetic codeine. naloxone for OD

Question 23

pseudoephedrine, pheylephrine

Answer 23

sympatho alpha agonist, nasal decongestants

Question 24

pseudoephedrine, pheylephrine: uses

Answer 24

open obstructed eustacchian tubes, stimulant, reduce hyperemia/edema etc

Question 25

pseudoephedrine, pheylephrine: tox

Answer 25

HTN, CNS stimulation, anxiety (mostly pseudoephedrine)

Question 26

methacholine

Answer 26

musc R agonist. for asthma challenge tests