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GI Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

H2 blockers

A

-tidines, reversible block of H2 less H+ secretion by parietal cells

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2
Q

proton pump inhibitors

A

-prazoles, *irreversibly* inhibit H+/K+ ATPase in parietal cells Rx: peptic ulcer, reflux, gastritis, ZE syndrome

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3
Q

bismuth, sucralfate

A

allows bicarb secretion to restore pH balance in mucous layer Rx: traveller’s diarrhea, increases ulcer healing

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4
Q

cimetidine

A

p450 inhibitor antiandrogenic (gynecomastia, impotence & decreased libido, prolactin release) crosses BBB (confusion, dizziness, headaches)

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5
Q

ranitidine, cimetidine

A

decreased renal excretion of creatinine

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6
Q

misoprostol

A

PGE1 analogue (increases gastric mucosa, decreased acid production)

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7
Q

PPIs (tox)

A

higher risk of pneumonia, C dificile. Chronic tox: hip fractures, decrease serum Mg2+

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8
Q

misoprostol

A

prevents nsaid-induced peptic ulcers

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9
Q

misoprostol

A

maintains PDA

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10
Q

misoprostol

A

induces labor (ripens cervix)

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11
Q

misoprostol

A

contraindicated in women of childbearing age

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12
Q

octreotide

A

somatostain analog. used for variceal bleeds, acromegaly, vipoma, carcinoid tumors

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13
Q

octreotide

A

tox: nausea, craps, steatorrhea

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14
Q

antacids

A

alters gastric and urinary pH, delays gastric emptying

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15
Q

antacids

A

causes hypokalemia

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16
Q

aluminum hydroxide

A

tox: constipation, hyPOphosphatemia, prox muscle weakness, osteodystrophy, seizures

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17
Q

Mg OH

A

diarrhea, hyporeflexia (good clue, since this ion is related to another that causes twitching aka Ca2+), hypotension, cardiac arrest

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18
Q

Ca CO3 (calcium carbonate)

A

hypercalcemia chelates and decreases effects of other drugs ie tetracycline increased rebound acid (increase in gastric acid secretion after initial buffering of antacid)

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19
Q

osmotic laxatives

A

Mg OH, Mg citrate, polyethylene glycol, lactulose

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20
Q

lactulose

A

for hepatic encephalopathy, promotes nitrogen excretion as NH4+

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21
Q

osmotic laxatives

A

for constipation. tox: diarrhea, dehydration

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22
Q

infliximab

A

TNF-a MAb for Crohn’s, UC, RA

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23
Q

sulfasalazine

A

combo of sulfapyridine (antibacterial) and 5-aminosalicyclic acid (anti-inflamm)

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24
Q

sulfasalazine

A

activated by colonic bacteria

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25
sulfasalazine
Tox: malaise, nausea, oligospermia (reversible)
26
ondansetron
5-ht3 antagonist., antiemetic. tox: headache, constipation
27
metoclopramide
D2 R antagonist. increases resting tone, contractility, lower esophageal tone, motility. no effect on colon transport time
28
metoclopramide
rx: diabetes, post surgery gastroparesis, antiemetic
29
metoclopramide
tox: parkinsonian. restless, drowsy /fatigue/depression, nausea, diarrhea
30
metoclopramide
interacts with digoxin, diabetes rx
31
metoclopramide
contraindicated in Parkinson's, small bowel obstruction
32
-tidines, reversible block of H2 less H+ secretion by parietal cells
H2 blockers
33
-prazoles, \*irreversibly\* inhibit H+/K+ ATPase in parietal cells Rx: peptic ulcer, reflux, gastritis, ZE syndrome
proton pump inhibitors
34
allows bicarb secretion to restore pH balance in mucous layer Rx: traveller's diarrhea, increases ulcer healing
bismuth, sucralfate
35
p450 inhibitor antiandrogenic (gynecomastia, impotence & decreased libido, prolactin release) crosses BBB (confusion, dizziness, headaches)
cimetidine
36
decreased renal excretion of creatinine
ranitidine, cimetidine
37
PGE1 analogue (increases gastric mucosa, decreased acid production)
misoprostol
38
higher risk of pneumonia, C dificile. Chronic tox: hip fractures, decrease serum Mg2+
PPIs (tox)
39
prevents nsaid-induced peptic ulcers
misoprostol
40
maintains PDA
misoprostol
41
induces labor (ripens cervix)
misoprostol
42
contraindicated in women of childbearing age
misoprostol
43
somatostain analog. used for variceal bleeds, acromegaly, vipoma, carcinoid tumors
octreotide
44
tox: nausea, craps, steatorrhea
octreotide
45
alters gastric and urinary pH, delays gastric emptying
antacids
46
causes hypokalemia
antacids
47
tox: constipation, hyPOphosphatemia, prox muscle weakness, osteodystrophy, seizures
aluminum hydroxide
48
diarrhea, hyporeflexia (good clue, since this ion is related to another that causes twitching aka Ca2+), hypotension, cardiac arrest
Mg OH
49
hypercalcemia chelates and decreases effects of other drugs ie tetracycline increased rebound acid (increase in gastric acid secretion after initial buffering of antacid)
Ca CO3 (calcium carbonate)
50
Mg OH, Mg citrate, polyethylene glycol, lactulose
osmotic laxatives
51
for hepatic encephalopathy, promotes nitrogen excretion as NH4+
lactulose
52
for constipation. tox: diarrhea, dehydration
osmotic laxatives
53
TNF-a MAb for Crohn's, UC, RA
infliximab
54
combo of sulfapyridine (antibacterial) and 5-aminosalicyclic acid (anti-inflamm)
sulfasalazine
55
activated by colonic bacteria
sulfasalazine
56
Tox: malaise, nausea, oligospermia (reversible)
sulfasalazine
57
5-ht3 antagonist., antiemetic. tox: headache, constipation
ondansetron
58
D2 R antagonist. increases resting tone, contractility, lower esophageal tone, motility. no effect on colon transport time
metoclopramide
59
rx: diabetes, post surgery gastroparesis, antiemetic
metoclopramide
60
tox: parkinsonian. restless, drowsy /fatigue/depression, nausea, diarrhea
metoclopramide
61
interacts with digoxin, diabetes rx
metoclopramide
62
contraindicated in Parkinson's, small bowel obstruction
metoclopramide

Pharm (8 decks)

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