Respiratory

Question 1

Use of antihistamine

Answer 1

Allergy 
Motion sickness 
Insomnia
Parkinson's disease
Treat EPS s/s

Question 2

Side effects of antihistamines

& toxic effects

Answer 2

Sedation (most common)
Non sedative CNS effects 
GI 
Anticholinergic effects 
Cardiac 

Toxic: CNS, hallucinations, ataxia, confusion

Question 3

Nursing implications for antihistamine

Answer 3

Admin with meals 
Assess s/s  of toxicity 
Safety 
Teach: otc meds
-- aware of different onsets 
Drug interactions

Question 4

Antitussives (cough suppressants) MOA

Answer 4

Affects the cough center in the medulla, decrease the sensibility of the cough center to incoming stimuli

Question 5

Side effects of antitussives

Answer 5

N/v
Drowsiness
Dizziness

Vasoconstriction
(In nose - open airways

Question 6

Nursing implications of anti tussives

And examples

Answer 6

Decreases cough *
Be careful with other drugs that cause sedation
Drug interactions 
Safety 
No food 
Not longer than a week 
Some may have codeine--> constipation 

Examples: cough syrups, cough drops

Question 7

Expectorants MOA

Answer 7

Liquidity lower resp. Secretions, decreasing viscosity

Reduces surface tension and adhesive was of mucus

Question 8

Expectorants side effects and nursing

Answer 8

S/E: GI

NURSING: teach non medication
Assess nature of cough 
Give its meals 
Do not use more than one week 
Careful with asthma 
*diabetics: sugarless

Question 9

Examples of expectorants

Answer 9

Mucolidics: (mucomyx) COPD, CF, inhalers, nebs

*mobilize secretions

Question 10

Two types of decongestants ?

Answer 10

Systemic or topical

Question 11

Systemic decongestant MOA and use

Answer 11

Increases alpha 1
MOA: stimulates alpha 1 receptors, onset 15-30 minutes

Use: allergic rhinitis
Sinusitis
Allergies

Question 12

Side effects and example of

Answer 12

Most common: CNS stimulation
(Dizzy, fatigue, sedation)

Example: sudafed

Question 13

Topical decongestants MOA and use

Answer 13

MOA applied directly to nasal mucus stimulates alpha 1- vasoconstriction
*peaks in minutes - immediate relief

Use: sinusitis
Rhinitis
Open eustacian tubes

Question 14

Side effects and nursing implications

Answer 14

Side effects: few, careful for rebound nasal congestion

NI: assess for direct interactions
Sns effects
Aware of OTC Meds

Ex: all nasal sprays

Question 15

Bronchodilators (albuterol)

MOA And use and nursing

Answer 15

MOA directly binds to B2 receptors

Used in treatment of asthma and COPD

**give bronchodilator prior to steroid inhaler

*need to rinse mouth before and after use of

Question 16

Respiratory anticholinergic agents
(ATROVENT)

MOA

Answer 16

Blocks action of Ach, stopping bronchi construction

-treat bronchi spasm

Question 17

Xanthine derivatives
(Theophylline)
(Amanphylline)

MOA
Levels
Use

Answer 17

MOA exacts mechanism is unknown
Levels: 10-20
Use: prevention of bronchial asthma, and bronchospasm with COPD

Question 18

Side effects & nursing
For xanthine derivatives
(Theophylline)

Answer 18

Side effects: GI CNS directly related to serum levels

Nursing:

Question 19

MOA of antihistamines (H1 blockers)

Answer 19

Blocks the action of h1 receptor site in small blood vessels, smooth muscle, peripheral nerves, exocrine glands

• vasoconstrictor (careful with HTN)
• bronchodilator
• suppress exocrine gland secretion
• decrease capill permeability