Respiratory

Question 1

Examination findings in Asthma

Answer 1

Midline trachea
Bilateral decreased chest wall movement
Resonant percussion nate
Vesicular breath sounds with prolonged expiration
Normal or decreased vocal fremitus
Expiratory wheezes

Question 2

Examination findings in COPD

Answer 2

Midline trachea
Bilateral decreased chest wall movement
Resonant-hyper-resonant percussion note
Vesicular-to-decreased breath sounds
Decreased vocal fremitus
Crackles and wheezes of chronic bronchitis component

Question 3

Examination findings in lung consolidation - e.g. lobar pneumonia

Answer 3

Midline trachea
Chest wall movement may be decreased on affected side
Dull percussion note over consolidation
Bronchial breath sounds
Increased vocal fremitus
Fine, late inspiratory crackles

Question 4

Examination findings in collapse of major bronchus

Answer 4

Trachea toward affected side
Reduced chest wall movement on affected side
Dull percussion note
Decreased or absent breath sounds
Decreased or absent vocal fremitus

Question 5

Examination findigns in collapse of peripheral bronchus

Answer 5

Trachea toward affected side
Reduced chest wall movement on affected side
Dull percussion note
Bronchial breath sounds
Increased vocal fremitus

Question 6

Examination findings in large pleural effusion (>500mL)

Answer 6

Trachea towards opposite side (if massive)
Reduced chest wall movement on affected side
Stony dull percussion note
Absent of decreased breath sounds
Absent or decreased vocal fremitus

Question 7

Examination findings in large pneumothorax

Answer 7

Trachea towards opposite side (if tension)
Reduced chest wall movement on affected side
Hyper-resonant percussion note
Absent or decreased breath sounds
Absent or decreased vocal fremitus

Question 8

Examination findings in generalised fibrosis

Answer 8

Midline trachea
Bilaterally reduced chest wall movement
Normal percussion note (resonant)
Vesicular breath sounds
Increased vocal fremitus
Fine crackles

Question 9

Examination findings in Bronchiectasis

Answer 9

Midline trachea
Slight decrease in chest wall movement
Resonant-to-dull percussion note
Bronchial breath sounds
Normal or decreased vocal fremitus
Coarse crackles
\+/- localized wheeze