respiratory 2 Flashcards
what is copd a combination of?
chronic emphysema and bronchitis
is copd preventable? what can we do to combat copd?
it is preventable, we can do things like not smoke
is the damage from COPD reversable?
no, the damage is not repairable
what disease and disease processes does copd put you at more of a risk for?
pneumonia and respiratory failure
when thinking about the tissue associated with COPD, what can we expect to find?
narrowing due to inflammation and scar tissue
what type of chest can we expect to see with our emphysema patients?
barrel chest
what are some risk factors for copd?
older clients, smoking, other respiratory issues
how do we diagnose bhroncitus?
sputum production for 3 months in 2 years (must know)
what is the mnemonic for remembering chronic bronchitis?
blue bloater
are our patients with COPD going to gain or lose weight?
they lose weight because of their dyspnea
why does dyspnea in COPD cause patients to lose weight?
because they are expending more energy and they aren’t eating as much
what are some symptoms of bhroncitis?
sputum, cough, dyspnea
what is the mnemonic to remember emphysema?
pink puffer
why will our emphysema pts appear pink?
because they are having an uptake in co2
why do our patients do pursed lip breathing?
this helps them to regulate their breathing
how should our patient be positioned to relieve the stress of breahting?
high fowlers
what are the appropriate levels of oxygenaiton for our COPD patients?
88-92%
because in COPD our patient is retaining co2, what should we do?
we need to give oxygen 2-4l via nasal canula or 40% venturi mask
when our patient comes to us from the ED, what type of assessment do they need?
a full head to toe
what should be some things in our assessment with COPD?
really good health hx, loc, pulmonary function tests
what are some things that should probe us to dive deeper with our assessment? (this is an analyzing cues question)
dyspnea, grasping for air, pt bent over
what should our goal planning be for our patients with COPD?
good oxygenation (satting between 95-100), rest, decrease that anxiety, airway security and patency
how can e be sure that our interventions are good?
abg’s, vs
what are some medications to treat COPD?
bronchodilators, abx, corticosteroids
what is bronchiestasis?
when the bronchioles are permanently dilated
what happens in asthma?
the airway is inflamed and the person is ultimately in bronchospasm
what are some manifestations of asthma?
coughing, dyspnea, wheezing
is our patient with asthma going to be tachy or brady?
tachy because the heart is working overtime to compensate
when is usually the osnet of asthma?
childhood around 12 years old
what should an assesment look like for the nurse for an asthmatic patient?
questions about current and PREVIOUS attacks, factors, meds, relief efforts
what are the 2 types of meds used for asthma and their differences?
bronchodilators (instant RESCUE med) and corticosteroids(decreases inflammation over TIME, NOT a rescue med)
what are some things we should teach our pt with asthma?
how to stick to reducing stressors, how to use their inhalor, how to do propper breathing techniques
what is status asthmaticus?
a rapid, severe onset of asthma
why can asthma be detrimental to certain pops?
it can exacerbate anxiety, depression, and if you are an older pt, it adds to your comorbidities
what does our pt experiencing status asmathiticus look like?
extremely dyspnic, cyanotic, loc is impaired, and experiencing chest tightness
what is the role of the RN with asthmatic patients?
constant monitoring, administering the beta agonists and corticosteroids, and assessment to see if treatment is working
what is oxygen toxicity and how can we prevent it?
when the pt receives too much oxygen for an extended period of time. we can prevent it by giving the lowest dose of concentrated oxygen carefully
