Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Wolfpacc Clues > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

What is cystic fibrosis?

A

defective chloride transporter; meconium ileum, steatorrhea, bronchiectasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is obstructive lung disease?

A

mucus filled lungs can’t get air OUT; ratio decreased (< 80%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the Light Criteria?

A

Effusion protein/ serum protein > 0.5
Effusion LDH/ serum LDH > 0.6
Effusion LDH > 2/3 upper limit of normal serum LDH

one or more = exudate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is asthma?

A

chronic inflammatory disease of the airways
characterized by variable and recurring symptoms;
wheezing on expiration;
elevated IgE and eosinophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is restrictive lung disease?

A

small stiff lungs; can’t get air IN;
ratio normal or increased (>/= 80%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Whats disease have metabolic alkalosis?

A

low volume states = vomiting, diuretics, GI blood loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who gets anthracosis?

A

coal workers (extensive fibrosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does tracheal deviation tell you?

A

if its moves away, tension pneumothorax.
if it moves toward, atelectasis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is croup?

A

respiratory condition that is usually triggered by an
acute viral infection of the upper airway;
steeple sign on x-ray;
barking cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is bronchitis?

A

increased sputum production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What causes transudate effusions?

A

increased hydrostatic pressure (CHF), or decreased colloid osmotic pressure (cirrhosis, nephrosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is bronchiolitis?

A

asthma in kids less than 2 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Who gets berylliosis?

A

radio/ TV repairmen, aerospace manufacturers, beryllium miners, or fluorescent light manufacturers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is tracheomalacia?

A

soft cartilage and stridor since birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who gets silicosis?

A

sandblasters and glassblowers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What causes exudate effusions?

A

infection,
malignancy,
PE,
collagen vascular diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the pulmonary eosinophilia syndromes?

A

Churg-Strauss, Loeffler’s, Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Who gets asbestosis?

A

shipyard workers, pipe fitters, brake mechanics, insulation installers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

clues for typical pneumonia

A

short illness,
high fever,
usually > 40y,
one-lobe;
usually strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the difference between carotid body and carotid sinus?

A

Body = chemoreceptor
Sinus = baroreceptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

clues for atypical pneumonia

A

prolonged illness,
low fever,
usually > 40y,
diffuse;
usually haemophilis, mycoplasma, or chlamydia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do fremitus, egophany, and bronchophany tell you?

A

consolidation (pathognomonic for pneumonia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a blue bloater?

A

chronic bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where is a Bochdalek hernia?

A

occur more commonly on the posterior left side of the diaphragm; most common congenital diaphragmatic hernia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What does auscultation of crackles tell you?

A

blowing collapsed alveoli open (restrictive lung disease)

26
Q

What is epiglottitis?

A

inflammation of epiglottis, thumb sign on x-ray, excessive drooling

27
Q

What diseases have hemoptysis (7)?

A

bronchiectasis,
bronchitis,
pneumonia,
TB,
lung cancer,
Goodpasture’s,
Wegener’s

28
Q

What is laryngomalacia?

A

epiglottis rolls in from side to side

29
Q

How do you get aspergillosis?

A

mold, compost piles, associated with peanuts (aflatoxin)

30
Q

What diseases have respiratory acidosis?

A

obstructive lung diseases

31
Q

What drugs cause pulmonary eosinophilia?

A

nitrofurantoin and sulfonamides

32
Q

What is seen with sarcoidosis?

A

non-caseating granulomas w| epithelioid histiocytes
eggshell calcifications around lymph nodes
increased ACE levels
hypercalciuria
hypervitaminosis D

33
Q

What does dullness to percussion tell you?

A

something is between the airspace and chest wall absorbing the sound

34
Q

How do you detect a pulmonary embolus?

A

tachypnea,
increased V/Q scan,
ECG may show signs of right heart strain of acute cor pulmonale in cases of large PEs (S1Q3T3)

35
Q

Where is a Morgagni hernia?

A

anterior/ middle of the diaphragm; bowel sounds in thorax; seen on ultrasound in utero; surgery to fix immediately after birth

36
Q

What does auscultation of stridor tell you?

A

extra thoracic narrowing (seen on inspiration on X-ray)

37
Q

What does auscultation of rhonchi tell you?

A

mucus in the airway (obstructive lung disease)

38
Q

What diseases have metabolic acidosis?

A

MUDPILES and diarrhea
Methanol, Uraemia, Diabetes, Paraldehyde, Iron (and Isoniazid), Lactate, Ethylene glycol, and Salicylate

39
Q

What is seen with squamous cell lung cancer?

A

seen in smokers; high PTH and high calcium

40
Q

What are the 4 clinical findings seen in
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)

A

Temperature > 100.4 or < 96.8
HR > 90
RR > 20 or PaCO2 < 32
WBC > 12,000 or < 4,000 or 10% bands

41
Q

What is a pink puffer?

A

emphysema

42
Q

What is cardiac tamponade?

A

decreased breath sounds,
decreased blood pressure,
distant heart sounds,
distended jugular veins

43
Q

What is emphysema?

A

Obstructive disease;
also occurs with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency

44
Q

What is bronchoalveolar cancer?

A

looks like pneumonia; due to pneumoconiosis, occurs in non-smokers

45
Q

What disease has a steeple sign on neck films?

A

croup

46
Q

What diseases have respiratory alkalosis?

A

restrictive lung diseases,
anxiety,
pregnancy,
gram-negative sepsis,
pulmonary emboli

47
Q

What are the risks for lung cancer?

A

smoking,
radon,
secondhand smoke,
pneumoconiosis (except anthrocosis)

48
Q

What is bronchiectasis?

A

bad breath, purulent sputum, and hemoptysis

49
Q

What is tracheitis?

A

acute upper respiratory infections; patients look toxic, grey pseudomembrane, leukocytosis

50
Q

What is pneumothorax?

A

absent breath sounds on one side

51
Q

Who gets byssinosis?

A

cotton workers and textile workers

52
Q

What does auscultation of wheezing tell you?

A

intra thoracic narrowing (seen on expiration on x-ray)

53
Q

What is seen with carcinoid syndrome?

A

B3-FDR =
Bronchospasm (wheezing),
3- Niacin deficiency
Flushing,
Diarrhea,
Right sided heart issues; (endocardial fibrosis/thickening of heart valves)

54
Q

What is seen with small cell lung cancer?

A

Located at carina; malignant

Cushing’s syndrome,
SIADH,
SVC syndrome,
LEMS (lambert eaton myasthenic syndrome)

55
Q

What does hyperresonance tell you?

A

air in that region of the lungs

56
Q

What is pneumonia?

A

consolidation of airway

57
Q

What is color of air on x-ray?

A

black = radiolucent

58
Q

What is the color of fluid or a solid of x-ray?

A

white = radiopaque

59
Q

What is Virchow’s node?

A

left supraclavicular lymph node

–associated with gastric cancer–

60
Q

What is sinusitis?

A

inflammation of the paranasal sinuses; tooth pain worsens upon bending forward

Wolfpacc Clues (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions