Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

210 Med-Surg > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Some cells can survive for a short period of time without ________.

A

oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Brain cells will die after ___ to ___ minutes if they don’t get enough oxygen.

A

3 to 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pulse ox should be what? For pts with COPD?

A

at least 95%
90-95%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Emergency Assessment

A
  1. Is the pt breathing?
  2. How are they breathing? baseline and acute vs. chronic
  3. Is the airway patent?
  4. Positioning: high-fowlers/orthopneic
  5. VS: pulse ox, possibly ABG’s
  6. Respiratory Interventions: meds, O2 therapy, and REQUEST HELP IF NEEDED!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Primary intervention for clients with chronic difficulties like asthma and COPD?

A

AVOID triggers and crowded places

Should see their doctor at the first sign of respiratory infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Three main categories of respiratory medications

A

Anti-inflammatory
Bronchodilators
Mucolytics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Types of Anti-inflammatory Meds

A

Corticosteroids
Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are examples of corticosteroid anti-inflammatory?

A

fluticasone (Flovent) and
budesonide (Pulmicort)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Nurse teaching for corticosteroid inh?

A

rinse mouth after use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an example of leukotriene receptor antagonists anti-inflammatory?

A

montelukast (Singulair)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Three classes of Bronchodilator Meds:

A

B2-Adrenergic Agonists
Methylxanthine Derivatives
Anticholinergics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are examples of B2-Adregenic Agonist bronchodilators?

A

albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)
metaproterenol (Alupent)
terbutaline (Brethine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which are the first-line drugs of choice for acute asthma attacks, and what are some examples?

A

B2-Adregenic Agonist

Proventil, Ventolin, ProAir, Alupent, Brethine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Side effects of B2-Adregenic Agonist when used too frequently

A

Anxiety
Tachycardia
Tremors
Nausea
Palpitations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Long-acting B2 Adrenergic Agonists should be combined with a corticosteroid and used in what occasion?

A

BID for longer-term relief; NOT for emergency bronchodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Methylxanthines are not as effective as

A

B2-Adrenergic Agonists and often given to prevent acute bronchospasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is an example of a Anticholinergic bronchodilator?

A

ipratropium bromide (Atrovent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are examples of Mucolytics?

A

guaifenesin (Robitussin, Mucinex)
aetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Client takes asthma medication in what order?

A

Airway Is Beautifully Managed

albuterol (Proventil) - B2 Agonist (bronchodilator)

ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) - anticholinergic (bronchodilator)

budesonide (Pulmicort) - steroid (anti inflammatory)

montelukast (Singulair) - leukotrine antagonist (anti inflammatory)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Best way to clear secretions from lower airways?

A

Turning and repositioning at least q2hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Best way to clear secretions from upper airways?

A

Effective coughing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How much fluid should you push a day to help thin secretions?

A

3L/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the formula for tobacco history?

A

PPD (packs per day) x Years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Best way to prevent the spread of the flu?

A

Handwashing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Pleurisy is

A

a knife-like, stabbing chest pain caused by inflamed pleural membranes rubbing against each other

26
Q

Pleural Effusion is

A

a collection of fluid, usually in the intrapleural spaces of the lung base(s)

27
Q

What is the most common cause of pulmonary edema?

A

Left-sided Heart Failure

28
Q

Nursing Assessment/Intervention for pulmonary edema?

A

VS
High fowler’s
2L of oxygen if under 90%
Call MD to see STAT

29
Q

Which lab test will show that there is likelihood the person has a PE?

A

D-dimer

30
Q

How common is it for people with DVT to experience no signs or symptoms?

A

Up to 50% of patients

31
Q

What is something to consider when patients are taken off of corticosteroids?

A

They should NEVER be discontinued abruptly; must always be tapered.

32
Q

What is COPD, and what is it characterized by?

A

Chronic Pulmonary Obstructive Disease

by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible

33
Q

What is emphysema?

A

hyperinflation of alveoli with destruction of alveolar walls and capillaries

34
Q

How is chronic bronchitis determined?

A

presence of chronic productive cough for 3 months in each of 2 successive years where other causes of chronic cough have been excluded

35
Q

Cyanosis and where to assess

A

Bluish skin discoloration

Central - Mucous membranes of eyes and mouth

Peripheral - toes/fingers, extremities

36
Q

Clubbing

A

Enlargement and rounding of the tips of fingers/toes

37
Q

Chest deformity due to expansion of chest after long-term inability to exhale all air

A

Barrel-shaped in COPD patients

38
Q

Ronchi

A

Low-pitched, snoring or moaning

Fluid in larger airways

39
Q

Wheeze

A

High-pitched, musical sounds

Associated with narrowed airways

40
Q

Crackles

A

High-pitched, popping sounds

Alveoli

41
Q

Stridor

A

High-pitched, most severe type of inspiratory wheeze

42
Q

Venturi Mask

A

Most precise

43
Q

Before you suction, you should always

A

Hyperoxygenate / Preoxygenate

44
Q

Quad Cough

A

Helps quadriplegic pts generate an effective cough; nurse will help by pushing in and upward like the Heimlich maneuver

45
Q

Low-Flow (Huff) Cough

A

Pt inhales deeply and says “huff” three or four times while exhaling

46
Q

Suctioning max time

A

no more than 10 seconds at a time

47
Q

Peak Flow Meter

A

Measures highest flow during maximal expiration

48
Q

Incentive Spirometer

A

Motivates the pt to breathe (inhale) deeply by offering the incentive of measuring progress

49
Q

Fremitus is what and how do you assess?

A

Vibration of air movement through the chest wall

palpating the back while the pt says “99”

50
Q

Atmosphere contains how much oxygen?

A

21%

51
Q

Sputum culture (does what)

A

to identify the specific agent causing the infection

52
Q

Sputum sensitivity test (does what)

A

will determine which antibiotic to use

53
Q

Hyperventilation

A

PaCO2 lower than 35 mm Hg

54
Q

Fermitus increase

A

consolidation in the lung

55
Q

Fermitus decrease

A

pleural effusion or pneumothorax

56
Q

Pts should use a spirometer how often?

A

8-10 times an hour

57
Q

Peak flow meter used for (population)

A

Asthmatics
Chronic Bronchitis
Emphysema

58
Q

What is the purpose of Pursed-lip breathing?

A

Causes back pressure in the airways

Eases expiration
Prevents air trapping

59
Q

What is the purpose of Aerosol Therapy?

A

Add moisture to oxygen delivery systems
Hydrate thick sputum and prevent mucous plugging
Administer drugs to the airways (bronchodilators and corticosteroids)

60
Q

What is the purpose of a closed-chest drainage system?

A

Removes air and fluid from the pleural cavity
Restores negative pressure
Promotes lung expansion and alveolar ventilation

61
Q

Normal ABG: PaCO2

A

35-45mmHg

62
Q

Normal ABG: HCO3

A

22-26mEq/L

210 Med-Surg (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions