Respiratory Flashcards
List the structure of the respiratory system
nasal cavity-pharynx-layrnx-trachea-bronchus-bronchioles-alveoli
What are the internal intercostals?
Inside the ribcage, draw the ribs down & in
What are the external intercostals?
Outside the ribcage, pull the ribs up & out
What is the nasal cavity
Air enters through the nasal cavity by the nostrils
What is the epiglottis
A small flap of cartilage at the back of the tongue which ensures food does not enter the lungs
What is the trachea
Rings of cartilage
What are the bronchioles
Small airways that are extend from the bronchii
What are alveoli
At the end of the bronchiole, responsible for the transfer of O2 into the blood & remove waste
What is the 3 + 2
Sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, pectoralis minor
Rectus abdominus & obliques
What happens during inspiration rest
Diaphragm & external intercostals contract
Ribs up & out
Thoracic cavity volume increases
lung air pressure decreases
Air rushes into lungs
Expiration rest
Diaphragm & external intercostals relax
Ribs in & down
Thoracic cavity volume decreases
lung air pressure increases
Air rushes out of lungs
What happens during exercise?
Inspiration expiration muscles
more than at rest
3 + 2
What is gaseous exchange?
The process where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs and muscles
What is tidal volume
Volume of air breathed in & out in one breath
What is frequency
Number o breaths in 1 minute
What is minute ventilation
tidal volume x frequency
What is vital capacity
Amount of air that can be forced out of lungs after maximal inspiration
What is residual volume
The air left in the lungs after maximal expiration
What is total lung volume
Total lung capacity after maximal inspiration
What is tidal volume at rest
500 ml per breath