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Finals > Respiratory 110 > Flashcards

Respiratory 110 Flashcards

1
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

Severe allergic reaction

Can cause airway blockage

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2
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficulty breathing

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3
Q

Dyspnea w/ exertion

A

(A lot of exercise)

Can uncover pulmonary or cardiac diseases

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4
Q

Dyspnea while sleeping

A

Pulmonary disease makes breathing harder
Lying flat has organs push against the diaphragm
Propping up pillows can help

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5
Q

Inhalers

A

Medication that prevents or treats bronchial inflammation

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6
Q

Oxygen

A

Is a medication

Frequency, amount(L/ min) and effect

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7
Q

Calculating pack years for smokers

A

Number of years smoked times the number of packs per day smoked
Example: smoked 1/2 pack per day for 40 years
40x0.5=20 pack years

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8
Q

Respiratory diseases that can be genetic

A 
Lung disease
Cancer
TB
CF
Emphysema
Asthma
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9
Q

Home irritants that could cause temporary or permanent lung damage

A 
Air pollution
Home allergens (pets, dusts, plants)
Type of HVAC system
Hobbies(wood work)
Exposure to 2nd hand smoke
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10
Q

Why traveling to foreign countries cause lung damage

A

Exposure to infections they have little or no resistance to will increase susceptibility to the infection

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11
Q

OLDCARTS

A 
Onset
Location
Duration
Characteristics
Aggravation and alleviating symptoms
Related symptoms 
Treatment 
Severity
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12
Q

Acute cough

A

Sudden onset, last less than 3 weeks

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13
Q

Chronic cough

A

Lasting longer than 3 weeks

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14
Q

Cough discription

A

Dry
Productive
Hacking
Hoarse

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15
Q

Sputum with coughing

A 
Frequency and time of day
Clear=normal
Yellow/green=bacterial infection 
Black=smoke or coal dust inhalation
Rust-colored= TB or pneumonia
Hemoptysis= sputum containing blood
Consistency= thick, thin, sticky, frothy
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16
Q

Foul-smelling cough

A

Typical with bacterial pneumonia, lung abscess, or bronchiectasis

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17
Q

Normal range of words before needing to take a breath is

A

10 -14

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18
Q

Respiratory diseases

A 
Asthma
Bronchitis
Bronchiectasis
Emphysema
CF
Lung cancer
TB
Pneumonia
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19
Q

Orthopnea

A

SOB while lying down

20
Q

Paroxysmal nocturnal Dyspnea

A

SOB that awakens pt in the middle of the night usually in a pain with the feeling of suffocation

21
Q

What can bring on an asthma attack

A

Allergens

22
Q

Related symptoms with SOB

A

Cough
Chest pain
Sweating
Swelling of feet,ankles, or legs

23
Q

Cyanosis or pale skin

A

Show inadequate oxygenation of tissues

24
Q

Clubbing of nails

A

Consistent with chronic hypoxia

25
Q

Pallor

A

Pale skin

26
Q

Abdominal breathing

A

Can be normal in men

Also called diaphragmatic breathing

27
Q

Adventitious lung sounds

A

Crackles
Wheezes
Rhonchi
Pleural friction rub

28
Q

Crackle lung sounds

A

High-pitched cracking and popping at the end of inspiration

NOT CLEARED W/COUGH

29
Q

Wheezes lung sound

A

High- pitched musical similar to squeak

More common during expiration

30
Q

Lung sounds- Rhonchi

A

Low-pitched, coarse,loud, low snoring or moaning tone
Heard primarily during expiration
COUGHING MAY CLEAR

31
Q

Lung sounds- pleural friction rub

A

Low-pitched, coarse rubbing sound
Heard throughout inspiration and expiration
NOT CLEARED W/COUGH

32
Q

False adventitious lung sounds

A

Anatomy(obese, large breast)
Shivering or chest hair
Lots of environmental noises
Bumping the stethoscope

33
Q

vestibular sounds

A

Heard all over the lungs in front and back

34
Q

Bronchovesticular sounds

A

Each side of the sternal border 4 anteriorly

Each side of spin posteriorly 6

35
Q

Bronchial sounds

A

Heard over the trachea

NOT heard posteriorly

36
Q

Kyphosis

A

Slumping over

Makes thoracic expansion more difficult

37
Q

RR rate of 32 with a 70 yr old pt…. First ask

A

If he exercised

38
Q

DOE

A

Dyspnea of exertion

39
Q

Barrel chest

A

An increased anteroposterior(AP) to transverse ratio

Normal 1:2

40
Q

Hypoxemia

A

An abnormally low oxygen level in the arterial blood

Assess thoracic skin color, nail beds, color of soles and palms, shape of fingers and finger tips

41
Q

Angle of Louis

A

The L sternal angle

42
Q

Second rib

A

Is attached to the sternum at the angle of Louis

43
Q

Fremitus

A

Vibration of the chest while talking

44
Q

Fremitus w/ pneumonia pt

A

Is expected to increase over areas of consolidation

45
Q

Thick purulent sputum is a sign of

A

Infection

46
Q

What can cause pulmonary edema

A

Heart disease

Kidney disease

Finals (10 decks)

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