Respiration In Plants Flashcards
Photosynthesis takes place in which part of eukaryotes
Chloroplasts
Breakdown of molecules to yield energy takes place in
Cytoplasm and mitochondria
The breaking of C- C bonds of complex Compounds in the cells happens through ?
Oxidation
Which is the usual respiratory substrates ?
Carbohydrates
How is energy trapped in the cell ?
Chemical energy - ATP
Energy currency of the cell
ATP
Can plants get along without respiratory organs ? Why ?
Yes.
1. Own gas exchange needs of each part.
2. No great demands
3. Small distance
Stems have openings called ?
Lenticels
What is glycolysis
Breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid
The scheme of glycolysis was given by ?
- Gustav Embden
- Otto Meyerhof
- J. Parnas
Glycolysis is also referred to as ?
EMP pathway
The only process of respiration in anaerobic organisms is ?
Glycolysis
Where does glycolysis occur ?
Cytoplasm of cell
What happens in the process of glycolysis
Glucose undergoes partial oxidation to form 2 molecules of pyruvic acid.
How do plants obtain glucose ?
1.Sucrose - product of photosynthesis
2. Storage carbohydrates
How does sucrose enter the glycolysis pathway ?
In the form of monosaccharides, glucose and fructose.
How is sucrose converted into monosaccharides?
By enzyme invertase.
What happens to glucose and fructose after they enter the EPM pathway ?
They are phosphorylated to give rise to glucose 6 phosphate
How are glucose and fructose phosphorylated
By enzyme hexokinase
What happens to the phosphorylated form of glucose ?
Isomerisation to produce fructose 6 phosphate
In how many steps pyruvate is produced from glucose in glycolysis
Chain of 10 reaction.
First step of ATP utilisation
Conversion of glucose into
glucose 6 phosphate
Second step of ATP utilisation
Conversion of fructose 6 phosphate to fructose 1,6 biphosphate
The product of 2nd step of ATP utilisation is split into
1.Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
2. 3- phosphoglyceraldehyde ( PGAL)
When is NADH + H+ formed from NAD
When PGAL is converted into BPGA
1,3 biphosphoglycerate.
How is PGAL converted into BPGA
PGAL is oxidised with inorganic phosphate.
BPGA is further converted into ?
3 phosphoglyceric acid (PGA)
What is finally converted into pyruvic acid and synthesises ATP ?
Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)
What is the key product of glycolysis
Pyruvic acid
How do cells handle pyruvic acid after produced by glycolysis
- Lactic acid fermentation
- Alcoholic fermentation
- Aerobic respiration
Aerobic respiration is also called
Kreb’s cycle
Why is kreb’s cycle required
For complete oxidation of Co² and H²O.
What happens in fermentation?
Pyruvic acid is converted into CO² and ethanol.
What is fermentation
Incomplete oxidation of glucose