respiration + gas exchange yr 9 Flashcards
what is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
anaerobic respiration doesnt need oxygen, and only uses glucose. it produces lactic acid, less energy (ATP) and produces no carbon dioxide or water, aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide and water but no lactic acid and more energy(ATP)
what is the aerobic respiration word equation?
glucose +oxygen –> water + carbon dioxide
what is the balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration?
C(6)H(12)O(6) + 6O(2) –> 6H(2)O + 6CO(2)
what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi?
glucose –> ethanol +carbon dioxide
what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?
glucose –> lactic acid
how does temperature affect diffusion?
higher temperatures mean there is ore kinetic energy, but if the temperature is too high the enzymes denature which slows the diffusion.
how does the concentration gradient affect diffusion?
diffusion means molecules move from an area of high concentration to low concentration, so if there is a constant concentration gradient it improves the diffusion.
what are the parts in the thorax/respiratory system
- trachea, bronchus (big), bronchioles, alveoli, lungs, ribcage, intercoastal muscles, pleural cavity, diaphragm
what to the parts of the respiratory system do during inhalation
intercoastal muscles: contact, diaphragm: contract and flattens, volume increases so pressure decreases, ribs: go up and out.
what do the parts of the respiratory system do during exhalation?
intercoastal muscles: relax, diaphragm: relax, volume decreases so pressure increases, ribs: go down and in.
how are alveoli adapted for optimum gas exchamge?
many little alveoli-> in creases SA for diffusion-> more diffusion
thin alveoli walls-> shortens diffusion distance-> faster diffusion
each alveoli has lots of capillaries-> maintains the concentration gradient by taking in oxygen and giving carbon dioxide.
