Respiration Flashcards
Define respiration
The process used to release energy from our food
What is respiration controlled by?
Enzymes
Name the 2 types of respiration
- Aerobic respiration
2. Fermentation
What type of energy does food store?
Chemical energy
What type of energy can our bodies use?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
What is ATP composed of?
1 adenosine molecule and 3 inorganic phosphate molecules
When is ATP formed?
When Adenosine Diphosphate and a Pi molecule are joined together using energy
Where is the High energy bond in ATP?
Between the final 2 Pi molecules
Give 4 examples of cellular activities used when ATP is broken down
- Muscle cell contraction
- Transmission of nerve impulses
- Cell division
- Protein synthesis
What is glycolysis?
The breakdown of glucose
What is the first stage in both aerobic respiration and fermentation?
Glycolysis
Where does glycolysis take place?
Cytoplasm
Does glycolysis require oxygen?
No
What is glucose broken down into and how much ATP is yielded?
2 molecules of Pyruvate and 2 molecules of ATP
Where does the second stage of aerobic respiration take place?
Mitochondria
