Producing new cells Flashcards
Why is having the correct number of chromosomes in each cell important?
To ensure that the organism has the characteristics of its species
What are the 2 sets of chromosomes called?
- Haploid
2. Diploid
How many chromosomes does a haploid cell have?
23
How many chromosomes does a diploid cell have?
46
Give an example of a haploid cell
Sperm and egg cells
Give an example of a diploid cell
Skin cells
Give 3 examples why new cells are needed
- To maintain the chromosome compliment
- Growth
- Repair
Define mitosis
The process where normal body cells divide into new cells
What chromosome compliment does mitosis maintain in new cells?
Diploid
What does mitosis start with?
A parent cell, a normal diploid body cell with 2 chromosomes
Explain the first stage of mitosis
Chromosomes replicate forming pairs of chromotides
Explain the second stage of mitosis
Spindle fibres form and chromotides line up across the equator of the cell
Explain the third stage of mitosis
Spindle fibres attach to the chromotides and pull the chromotides towards the poles of the cell
What cell forms when uncontrolled cell division takes place?
Cancer cells
What is a specialised cell?
A cell that performs a particular function
